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# אֲכַל

Biblical Aramaic

**eat** — used 7 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

eat [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b2_5db_5b7_5dc/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אֲכַל: vb. eat, devour [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b2_5db_5b7_5dc/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. eat, devour (BH);— Pf. 3 mpl. אֲכַ֫לוּ Dn 3:8; 6:25; Impf. 3 ms. יֵאכֻל 4:30; 3 fs. תֵּאכֻל 7:23; Imv. fs. אֲכֻ֫לִי v 5; Pt. fs. אָֽכְלָה v 7, 19;— eat, of beast, Dn 4:30 (acc. rei). devour, of beast in vision, 7:5 (acc. rei), abs. v 7, 19; hence fig. of kingdom, devour, devastate, v 23 (acc. of earth). in phr. א׳ קַרְצֵיהוֹן 3:8 eat their pieces, i.e. slander them, cf.6:25 (v. קְרַץ).

### Jastrow 1903

אֲכַל: to eat the bread of destruction, eat the informer’s bread to inform against. to give to eat, to support to be eaten, consumed to cry [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b2_5db_5b7_5dc/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** same.—Inf. מֵיכַל, מֵיכוּל. Targ. Gen. II, 16; a. fr.—Y. Ter. VIII, 46ᵃ כד אתון יֵיכלון when they came and were about eating; ib. (more corr.) אתון מיכל; a. fr. with קרצי prop. to eat (the bread of) destruction, eat the informer’s bread, hence to inform against. Dan. III, 8; VI, 25.—Targ. Ps. XV, 3; a. fr.—Gitt. 56ᵃ איכול בהו קו׳; Lam. R. to IV, 2 איכול קרצהון I will inform against them. to give to eat, to support. Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ bot. אוכלה ליה he gave it to him to eat. Gen. R. s. 48, end (read:) אוכלית אשקית לוי hast thou given (thy guest) to eat? to drink? do escort him, i.e. perform thy duties fully. Y. Kidd. I, 61ᵇ הוה מייכל לאבוי וכ׳ fed his father on &c.; a. fr. , אִתְאָכִיל to be eaten, consumed. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 23; a. fr. Tanḥ. Emor, 6 ומה דהבא מִתְאֲכִיל וכ׳; Lev. R. s. 27 ומה זה וכ׳ what is this? do they eat gold &c.? Kidd. 59ᵃ קא מתאכלי were eaten up (spent). \[אכלי Af. of כלי to cry, v. כלי.\]

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 7 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (9 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: \[it was\] devouring (2); devour! (1); he ate (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 3:8](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.8/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.8/#tree)

כָּל־קֳבֵ֤ל דְּנָה֙ בֵּהּ־זִמְנָ֔א קְרִ֖בוּ גֻּבְרִ֣ין כַּשְׂדָּאִ֑ין וַאֲכַ֥לוּ קַרְצֵיה֖וֹן דִּ֥י יְהוּדָיֵֽא׃

*Word for word:* as to because this at it the time they.approached men Chaldean and they.ate pieces their (diy).of the Jews

*JPS 1917:* Wherefore at that time certain Chaldeans came near, and brought accusation against the Jews.

[Daniel 7:23](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.23/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.23/#tree)

כֵּן֮ אֲמַר֒ חֵֽיוְתָא֙ רְבִיעָ֣יְתָ֔א מַלְכ֤וּ רְבִיעָאָה֙ תֶּהֱוֵ֣א בְאַרְעָ֔א דִּ֥י תִשְׁנֵ֖א מִן־כָּל־מַלְכְוָתָ֑א וְתֵאכֻל֙ כָּל־אַרְעָ֔א וּתְדוּשִׁנַּ֖הּ וְתַדְּקִנַּֽהּ׃

*Word for word:* as.follows he.said the beast (the) fourth a.kingdom fourth fourth it.will.be on the earth which it.will.be.different from all the kingdoms and it.will.devour all the earth and it will.tread.it.down and it will.shatter.it

*JPS 1917:* Thus he said: 'The fourth beast shall be a fourth kingdom upon earth, which shall be diverse from all the kingdoms, and shall devour the whole earth, and shall tread it down, and break it in pieces.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5d0_5b2_5db_5b7_5dc.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b2_5db_5b7_5dc/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).