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# אֹשׁ

Biblical Aramaic

**foundation** — used 3 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

foundation [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b9_5e9_5c1/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אֹשׁ: n.m. foundation [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b9_5e9_5c1/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Ezr 6:3 foundation (prob. loan-word from Assyrian uššû, id., √ אשׁשׁ (v. BH), so Zim KAT 3. 649; 𝔗 f. אוּשָׁא, NH אוּשָׁה, Chr-Pal. ܐܘܫ, ܐܘܫܐ, SchulthLex. 19; Arabic أُسٌّ: Nö M 99);—pl. emph. אֻשַּׁיָּא Ezr 4:12; 5:16; sf. אֻשֹּׁהִי 6:3.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 3 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: none

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: the (2); foundations (1).

## In the verses

[Ezra 5:16](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.16/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.16/#tree)

אֱדַ֙יִן֙ שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּ֣ר דֵּ֔ךְ אֲתָ֗א יְהַ֧ב אֻשַּׁיָּ֛א דִּי־בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖א דִּ֣י בִירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם וּמִן־אֱדַ֧יִן וְעַד־כְּעַ֛ן מִתְבְּנֵ֖א וְלָ֥א שְׁלִֽם׃

*Word for word:* then Sheshbazzar this he.came he.laid the foundations (diy).of the.house of.(the) God which \[is\].in Jerusalem and from then and until now \[it.is\].being.built and not \[it.is\].finished

*JPS 1917:* Then came the same Sheshbazzar, and laid the foundations of the house of God which is in Jerusalem; and since that time even until now hath it been in building, and yet it is not completed.

[Ezra 4:12](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.12/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.12/#tree)

יְדִ֙יעַ֙ לֶהֱוֵ֣א לְמַלְכָּ֔א דִּ֣י יְהוּדָיֵ֗א דִּ֤י סְלִ֙קוּ֙ מִן־לְוָתָ֔ךְ עֲלֶ֥ינָא אֲת֖וֹ לִירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם קִרְיְתָ֨א מָֽרָדְתָּ֤א וּבִֽישְׁתָּא֙בָּנַ֔יִן וְשׁוּרַיָּ֣א שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ וְאֻשַּׁיָּ֖א יַחִֽיטוּ׃

*Word for word:* known let.it.be to the king (diy).that the Jews who they.came.up from beside you to us they.have.come to Jerusalem the city (the) rebellious and (the) evil \[they.are\].building and the walls they.have.finished and the foundations they.are.repairing

*JPS 1917:* be it known unto the king, that the Jews that came up from thee are come to us unto Jerusalem; they are building the rebellious and the bad city, and have finished the walls, and are digging out the foundations.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5d0_5b9_5e9_5c1.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b9_5e9_5c1/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).