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# אַתּוּן

Biblical Aramaic

**furnace** — used 10 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

furnace [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5ea_5bc_5d5_5bc_5df/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אַתּוּן: n.m. furnace [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5ea_5bc_5d5_5bc_5df/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Dn 3:19 (prob. f. v. 26) furnace (prob. loan-word from Assyrian utûnu, atûnu, id. \[also TelAm.\], DHM VOJ i. 23 Buhl; Syriac ܐܰܬܘܿܢܳܐ, hence Arabic أَتُّونٌ as loan-word Frä 26; Ethiopic እቶን Di763; conj. on etym. in K § 59 Anm. Lag BN 111);—cstr. א׳ Dn 3:6, 11, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23, 26; emph. אַתּוּנָא 3:19, 22.

### Jastrow 1903

אַתּוּן

**The whole Jastrow entry:** , v. אַתּוּנָא II. Dan. III, 6; a. e.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 10 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech not compared, 1 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, only a cross-reference (4 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: of the furnace (6); the (2); the furnace (2).

## In the verses

[Daniel 3:11](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.11/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.11/#tree)

וּמַן־דִּי־לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל וְיִסְגֻּ֑ד יִתְרְמֵ֕א לְגֽוֹא־אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖א יָקִֽדְתָּֽא׃

*Word for word:* and whoever that not he.will.fall.down and he.will.pay.homage he.will.be.thrown to the.midst of.the.furnace of the.fire (the) burning

*JPS 1917:* and whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.

[Daniel 3:6](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.6/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.6/#tree)

וּמַן־דִּי־לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל וְיִסְגֻּ֑ד בַּהּ־שַׁעֲתָ֣א יִתְרְמֵ֔א לְגֽוֹא־אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖א יָקִֽדְתָּֽא׃

*Word for word:* and whoever that not he.will.fall.down and he.will.pay.homage at it the moment he.will.be.thrown to the.midst of.the.furnace of the.fire (the) burning

*JPS 1917:* and whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.'

## In Targum Onkelos

Number 63 of the commonest words of Targum Onkelos, the Aramaic translation of the Torah: used 94 times there, in the forms אַתּוּן (72); וְאַתּוּן (19); דְּאַתּוּן (2); דְאַתּוּן (1).

[Exodus 13:4](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.4/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.4/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

יוֹמָא דֵין אַתּוּן נָפְקִין בְּיַרְחָא דְאַבִּיבָא:

הַיּ֖וֹם אַתֶּ֣ם יֹצְאִ֑ים בְּחֹ֖דֶשׁ הָאָבִֽיב׃

*Word for word:* this day you \[are\].about.to.go.out in the.month of.(the) Abib

*JPS 1917:* This day ye go forth in the month Abib.

[Exodus 14:14](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.14/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.14/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

יְיָ יְגִיחַ לְכוֹן קְרָב וְאַתּוּן תִּשְׁתְּקוּן:

יְהוָ֖ה יִלָּחֵ֣ם לָכֶ֑ם וְאַתֶּ֖ם תַּחֲרִישֽׁוּן׃פ

*Word for word:* Yahweh he.will.fight for you and you you will.keep.quiet

*JPS 1917:* The LORD will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.'

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5ea_5bc_5d5_5bc_5df.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5ea_5bc_5d5_5bc_5df/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).