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# גְּזֵרָה

Biblical Aramaic

**decree** — used 2 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

decree [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b0_5bc_5d6_5b5_5e8_5b8_5d4/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

גְּזֵרָה: n.f. decree [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b0_5bc_5d6_5b5_5e8_5b8_5d4/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.f. decree (𝔗 גְּזֵירָא, Syriac ܓܙܺܝܪܳܐ );—cstr. גְּזֵרַת Dn 4:14, 21.

### Jastrow 1903

גְּזֵרָה: secluded and narrow place, dale, precipice g’zerah decree, edict, divine dispensation persecution rabbinical enactment issued as guard preventive measure; in gen. prohibition, restriction category G’zerah shavah, an equal or identic category moădo moădo analogy [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b0_5bc_5d6_5b5_5e8_5b8_5d4/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** a secluded and narrow place, dale, precipice. Yoma 67ᵇ ומנין שבצוק ת"ל ג׳ and how do we know that the place (Azazel) must be precipitous? We read g’zerah (Lev. XVI, 22) ; Sifra Aḥaré Par. 2, ch. II Gen. R. s. 98, beg. איזה לשם ואיזה לג׳ which (goat) for the Lord and which for the precipice.—2) decree, edict, divine dispensation; (in an evil sense) persecution by foreign governments. Sifra l. c. ch. VI, Par. 5 יכול יהא גְּזֵרַת מלך lest you may think it is a royal ordinance (the reason of which is not known); v. vers. in Yalk. Lev. 576. Num. R. s. 19 ג׳ גזרתי … על גְּזֵרָתִי I have decreed it, thou art not permitted to transgress my decree (though knowing no reason).—R. Hash. 18ᵇ גְּזֵרַת המלכות (Ms. M. שמד) political persecution. Sabb. 145ᵇ to reflect איזו ג׳ קשה אביא וכ׳ what hard dispensation to send them; a. fr. a rabbinical enactment issued as a guard (v. גֶּדֶר), preventive measure; in gen. prohibition, restriction. B. Bath. 60ᵇ, a. e. אין גוזרין ג׳ על וכ׳ we must not impose a restriction on the public which the majority can not endure. Bets. 2ᵇ, a. fr. ג׳ משום וכ׳ it is prohibited in order to prevent &c. Ib. 3ᵃ ג׳ לג׳ a guard to a guard, i.e. a preventive measure enacted in order to prevent the violation of another preventive measure; a. fr.—Pl. גְּזֵרוֹת, גְּזֵירוֹת. B. Bath. l. c. ג׳ רעות וקשות Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) bad and severe enactments (persecutions). Sabb. 30ᵃ Moses, our teacher גזר כמה ג׳ issued so many restrictions. Macc. 24ᵃ ארבע ג׳ גזר וכ׳ four hardships did Moses pronounce over Israel. Erub. 21ᵇ הרבה ג׳ גזרתי על עצמי וכ׳ many restrictions did I (Israel) impose upon myself beyond those which thou (the Lord, in the Torah) &c. Pes. 87ᵇ, v. אֲרָם; a. fr.—M. Kat. III, 3, v. גָּזָר. (logics) category, esp. ג׳ שָׁוָה G’zerah shavah, an equal or identic category, i.e. an analogy between two laws established on the basis of verbal congruities in the texts, e.g. Pes. 66ᵃ, נאמר מועדו בפסח וכ׳ the Passover law contains the word moădo (due season, Num. XI, 2) and the law concerning the daily sacrifices uses the same word (ib. XXVIII, 2): as the word moădo in the latter indicates that it applies also to the Sabbath day (superseding the ordinary Sabbath law concerning labor), so does it in the former intimate that it supersedes the Sabbath law (if the eve of Passover occurs on a Sabbath). Ib. אין אדם דן ג"ש מעצמו you cannot establish an analogy from congruent expressions of your own accord, i.e. it must be authorized by tradition that the verbal congruity is applied to a certain analogy and no other.—Y. Yeb. XI, 11ᵈ top ג"ש במקום שבאת an analogy can be drawn wherever it occurs, i.e. a textual analogy once established must be carried through all details; ib. VIII, 9ᶜ bot. ג"ש במקום שכתוב (corr. acc.); Y. Kidd. IV, 65ᵈ top; Y. Snh. IX, 26ᵈ bot.; a. e.—Sabb. 97ᵃ ג"ש לא גמיר he had no tradition concerning that analogy; a. fr.—In gen. ג"ש analogy. Bets. I, 6; a. e.—Pl. גְּזֵירוֹת שָׁווֹת. Gen. R. s. 46; Lev. R. s. 25. \[Y. Ber. VIII, 12ᵇ top גזירה דהוא רבע, read גזרית or גזירנא I command that &c.; Y. Keth. V, 30ᵃ גזירה דגזרין, v. גָּזוֹרָא.\]

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (5 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: decree (1); the decree (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 4:21](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.21/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.21/#tree)

דְּנָ֥ה פִשְׁרָ֖א מַלְכָּ֑א וּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִלָּאָה֙ הִ֔יא דִּ֥י מְטָ֖ת עַל־מָרִ֥י מַלְכָּֽא׃

*Word for word:* this \[is\].the interpretation O king and.\[is\] the.decree of the.Most.High it which it.has.reached to lord my the king

*JPS 1917:* this is the interpretation, O king, and it is the decree of the Most High, which is come upon my lord the king,

[Daniel 4:14](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.14/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.14/#tree)

בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ פִּתְגָמָ֔א וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א עַד־דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּאָ֜ה בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֗אוּלְמַן־דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽהּ׃

*Word for word:* \[is\].by.\[the\] decree of.watchers the command and \[is.by.the\].word of.holy.\[ones\] the affair to \[the\].cause (of).that they.will.know the.living \[people\] (diy).that \[is\].having.mastery the.Most High over the.kingdom of.(the) humankind and to whomever whom he.will.be.pleased he will.give.it and a.lowly.\[one\] of.humankind he.will.set.up over it

*JPS 1917:* The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5d2_5b0_5bc_5d6_5b5_5e8_5b8_5d4.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b0_5bc_5d6_5b5_5e8_5b8_5d4/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).