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# חֲצַף

Biblical Aramaic

**shew insolence** — used 2 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

shew insolence [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1495/lemma_3a_5d7_5b2_5e6_5b7_5e3/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

חֲצַף: vb. shew insolence, harshness Hiph. be audacious) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1495/lemma_3a_5d7_5b2_5e6_5b7_5e3/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. shew insolence, harshness (NH חצף Hiph. act insolently, so 𝔗 Aph.; Syriac ܚܳܫܰܚ be audacious);—Pt. f. מַחְצְפָה (K§ 33, 2 e)) Dn 3:22 overbearing (of command), מְהַחְצְפָה 2:15 harsh (id.).

### Jastrow 1903

חֲצַף: Hif. insisted upon, urgent [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1495/lemma_3a_5d7_5b2_5e6_5b7_5e3/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** part. pass. חָצִיף q. v. as preced. Hif. Targ. Prov. VII, 13. Ib. XXI, 29. Targ. Ez. XIII, 6 מַחְצְפִין וכ׳ (Var. מְחַצְּפִין) they boldly insist upon it &c. \[Dan. II, 15; III, 22 part. pass. insisted upon, urgent.\]

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (4 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: \[was\] harsh (1); harsh (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 2:15](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.15/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.15/#tree)

עָנֵ֣ה וְאָמַ֗ר לְאַרְיוֹךְ֙ שַׁלִּיטָ֣א דִֽי־מַלְכָּ֔א עַל־מָ֥ה דָתָ֛א מְהַחְצְפָ֖ה מִן־קֳדָ֣ם מַלְכָּ֑א אֱדַ֣יִן מִלְּתָ֔א הוֹדַ֥ע אַרְי֖וֹךְ לְדָנִיֵּֽאל׃

*Word for word:* \[he.was\].replying and \[he.was\].saying to Arioch the captain (diy).of the king on what? \[is\].the decree harsh from before the king then the matter he.made.known Arioch to Daniel

*JPS 1917:* he answered and said to Arioch the king's captain: 'Wherefore is the decree so peremptory from the king?' Then Arioch made the thing known to Daniel.

[Daniel 3:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.22/#tree)

כָּל־קֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָ֗ה מִן־דִּ֞י מִלַּ֤ת מַלְכָּא֙ מַחְצְפָ֔ה וְאַתּוּנָ֖א אֵזֵ֣ה יַתִּ֑ירָא גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֗ךְ דִּ֤י הַסִּ֙קוּ֙ לְשַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ קַטִּ֣ל הִמּ֔וֹן שְׁבִיבָ֖א דִּ֥י נוּרָֽא׃

*Word for word:* as to because this from that the.word of the.king \[was\].harsh and the furnace \[was\].heated exceedingly the men these who they.took.up (et) Shadrach Meshach and.Abednego and.Abednego it.killed them the flame (diy).of the fire

*JPS 1917:* Therefore because the king's commandment was peremptory, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5d7_5b2_5e6_5b7_5e3.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1495/lemma_3a_5d7_5b2_5e6_5b7_5e3/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).