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# כְּעַן

Biblical Aramaic

**now** — used 13 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

now [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1499/lemma_3a_5db_5b0_5bc_5e2_5b7_5df/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

כְּעַן²: adv. now [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1499/lemma_3a_5db_5b0_5bc_5e2_5b7_5df/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adv. now (so Egyptian Aramaic (CISii. 137 = CookeNo. 73 RÉS 361 B S-CPap. C 5); 𝔗, e.g. Nu 22:4: עַן prob. a subst. from \[עָנָה\] the √ of עֵת (p. 773a), time; so כְּעַן lit. at (this) time = Heb. עַתָּה: K§ 67, 4);—Dn 2:23 וּכְעַן הוֹדַעְתַּנִי, 3:15; 4:34; 5:12, 15, 16; 6:9; Ezr 4:13, 14, 21; 5:17; 6:6; עַד־כְּעַן until now Ezr 5:16 (so 𝔗 Gn 18:22 +).

### Jastrow 1903

כְּעַן: now [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1499/lemma_3a_5db_5b0_5bc_5e2_5b7_5df/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** (contr. of כְּעִידָּן, v. כְּדוּן) now. Targ. O. Num. XXIV, 4; 6 (Y. כדון, h. text עתה). Targ. II Sam. III, 8 מכ׳ (h. text היום); a. fr.—Cant. R. to I, 1 הוינה כד הוינא ברם כ׳ וכ׳ I was (king) when I was, but now I am no more.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech not compared, 13 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech not compared, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech not compared, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: now (13).

## In the verses

[Ezra 4:21](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.21/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.21/#tree)

כְּעַן֙ שִׂ֣ימוּ טְּעֵ֔םלְבַטָּלָ֖א גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֑ךְ וְקִרְיְתָ֥א דָךְ֙ לָ֣א תִתְבְּנֵ֔א עַד־מִנִּ֖י טַעְמָ֥א יִתְּשָֽׂם׃

*Word for word:* now make a.decree to make.to.cease the men these and the city this not it.will.be.built until from me the decree it.will.be.made

*JPS 1917:* Make ye now a decree to cause these men to cease, and that this city be not builded, until a decree shall be made by me.

[Daniel 6:9](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.9/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.9/#tree)

כְּעַ֣ן מַלְכָּ֔א תְּקִ֥ים אֱסָרָ֖א וְתִרְשֻׁ֣ם כְּתָבָ֑א דִּ֣י לָ֧א לְהַשְׁנָיָ֛ה כְּדָת־מָדַ֥י וּפָרַ֖ס דִּי־לָ֥א תֶעְדֵּֽא׃

*Word for word:* now O king you.will.establish the prohibition and you.will.sign the writing that not to change according to.the.law of.\[the\].Medes and.\[the\] Persians which not it.will.pass.away

*JPS 1917:* Now, O king, establish the interdict, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.'

## In Targum Onkelos

Number 33 of the commonest words of Targum Onkelos, the Aramaic translation of the Torah: used 206 times there, in the forms כְּעַן (87); כְעַן (64); וּכְעַן (54); וכְעַן (1).

[Exodus 33:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.33.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.33.18/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

וַאֲמַר אַחֲזֵינִי כְעַן יָת יְקָרָךְ:

וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַרְאֵ֥נִי נָ֖א אֶת־כְּבֹדֶֽךָ׃

*Word for word:* and he.said show me please (et) glory your

*JPS 1917:* And he said: 'Show me, I pray Thee, Thy glory.'

[Genesis 19:7](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.7/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.7/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

וַאֲמַר בְּבָעוּ כְעַן אַחַי לָא תַבְאִישוּן

וַיֹּאמַ֑ר אַל־נָ֥א אַחַ֖י תָּרֵֽעוּ׃

*Word for word:* and he.said do.not please my.brothers my do.evil

*JPS 1917:* And he said: 'I pray you, my brethren, do not so wickedly.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5db_5b0_5bc_5e2_5b7_5df.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1499/lemma_3a_5db_5b0_5bc_5e2_5b7_5df/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).