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# נִשְׁתְּוָן

Biblical Aramaic

**letter** — used 3 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

letter [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b4_5e9_5b0_5c1_5ea_5b0_5bc_5d5_5b8_5df/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

נִשְׁתְּוָן: n.m. letter [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b4_5e9_5b0_5c1_5ea_5b0_5bc_5d5_5b8_5df/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Ezr 4:18 letter (prob. Pers.; v. BH);—emph. נִשְׁתְּוָנָא Ezr 4:18, 23; 5:5.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 3 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: none

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: the (2); of (1).

## In the verses

[Ezra 4:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.18/#tree)

נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֕א דִּ֥י שְׁלַחְתּ֖וּן עֲלֶ֑ינָא מְפָרַ֥שׁ קֱרִ֖י קָדָמָֽי׃

*Word for word:* the letter which you.sent to us \[was\].made.distinct it.was.read.aloud before me

*JPS 1917:* the letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly read before me.

[Ezra 5:5](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.5/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.5/#tree)

וְעֵ֣ין אֱלָהֲהֹ֗ם הֲוָת֙ עַל־שָׂבֵ֣י יְהוּדָיֵ֔א וְלָא־בַטִּ֣לוּ הִמּ֔וֹ עַד־טַעְמָ֖א לְדָרְיָ֣וֶשׁ יְהָ֑ךְ וֶאֱדַ֛יִן יְתִיב֥וּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֖א עַל־דְּנָֽה׃פ

*Word for word:* and the.eye of their.God it.was on the.elders of the.Jews and not they.made.cease them until the report to Darius it.will.go and then they.will.send.back the letter concerning this

*JPS 1917:* But the eye of their God was upon the elders of the Jews, and they did not make them cease, till the matter should come to Darius, and then answer should be returned by letter concerning it.

## On Mova

- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b4_5e9_5b0_5c1_5ea_5b0_5bc_5d5_5b8_5df/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).