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# עִדָּן

Biblical Aramaic

**time** — used 13 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

time [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b4_5d3_5b8_5bc_5df/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

עִדָּן: n.m. time [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b4_5d3_5b8_5bc_5df/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Dn 2:9 time (𝔗 id., Syriac ܥܶܕܳܢܳܐ, perhaps loan-wd. from Assyrian (ḫ)adon(n)u, edanu, appointed, or definite, time; \[Arabic عدّان prob. Aramaic loan-wd., SchwallyZMG liii (1889), 197\]);—abs. ע׳ Dn 7:12 +; emph. עִדָּנָא 2:8 +; pl. abs. עִדָּנִין 4:13 +, emph. עִדָּנַיָּא 2:21;— in gen., time, as duration Dn 2:8; 7:12; involving specif. conditions 2:9, 21; (point of) time 3:5, 15. definite time, = year (as mod. Gk. χρόνος, v. EASophocles1173): שִׁבְעָה ע׳ = seven years, 4:13, 20, 22, 29; עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּן 7:25 (i.e. 3 ½ years, v. Dr; perhaps read du. for pl., cf. Bev GunkSchöpf. 201).

### Jastrow 1903

עִידָּן ²: until now the time appointed for the study of the Law, lesson [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b4_5d3_5b8_5bc_5df/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** (עוּד) same. Targ. Koh. III, 1, sq. (ed. Vien. עִידָ׳). Targ. Ps. LXXI, 9 (ed. Wil. עִדָ׳); a. fr.—עד העידנא until now (v. אִידְּנָא). Ib. 17.—Targ. O. Gen. XXIV, 55 עידן בעידן (h. text ימים).—Meg. 16ᵇ (prov.) תעלא בעִידְּנֵיה וכ׳ when the fox has his time, bow to him. Ber. 15ᵃ בעִידַּן צלותא when it is time for prayer; a. fr.—Esp. the time appointed for the study of the Law, lesson. Ib. 43ᵇ דלא קביע ליה ע׳ when he has no fixed time for study; אבל קביע ליה ע׳ … דלעידניה קא אזיל but if his time is fixed (by his teacher), he will be known to go to his appointment (and not be suspected of going wrong). Gitt. 60ᵇ לותבן מר בע׳ let me sit (to study with you) at the hour of your studies; אית לי ע׳ לדידי that hour is mine (for my own studies). Ḥull. 133ᵃ אנסיה ליה עידניח his teaching engagements prevented him (from officiating as priest); a. fr.—Pl. עִידָּנִין, עִידָּנַיָּא, עִדָּ׳. Targ. Esth. I, 14. Targ. Job XXIV, 1. Targ. I Chr. XII, 32. Targ. Ps. XLVI, 6 עֵידּוֹנֵי ed. Lag. (oth. ed. עִידָּנֵי); a. fr.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 11 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: same consonants, part of speech not compared, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (13 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: times (5); the (4); a time (2).

## In the verses

[Daniel 4:13](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.13/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.13/#tree)

לִבְבֵהּ֙ מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֣א יְשַׁנּ֔וֹן וּלְבַ֥ב חֵיוָ֖ה יִתְיְהִ֣ב לֵ֑הּ וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֥וּן עֲלֽוֹהִי׃

*Word for word:* heart its away.from (the) humankind let.it.be.changed and.\[the\] heart of.an.animal let.it.be.given to it and seven times let.them.pass over it

*JPS 1917:* Let his heart be changed from man's, and let a beast's heart be given unto him; and let seven times pass over him.

[Daniel 7:12](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.12/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.12/#tree)

וּשְׁאָר֙ חֵֽיוָתָ֔א הֶעְדִּ֖יו שָׁלְטָנְה֑וֹן וְאַרְכָ֧ה בְחַיִּ֛ין יְהִ֥יבַת לְה֖וֹן עַד־זְמַ֥ן וְעִדָּֽן׃

*Word for word:* and the.rest of the.beasts they.removed dominion their and a.prolonging in life(s) it.was.given to them until a.time and a.time

*JPS 1917:* And as for the rest of the beasts, their dominion was taken away; yet their lives were prolonged for a season and a time.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e2_5b4_5d3_5b8_5bc_5df.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b4_5d3_5b8_5bc_5df/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).