[Elamur Dictionary](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%9D/) [dictionaries](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [Biblical Aramaic](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/) / [ע](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/ayin/)‎ / עָלַם‎ # עָלַם Biblical Aramaic **perpetuity** — used 20 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917. ## Meaning ### OpenScriptures lexical index perpetuity [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b8_5dc_5b7_5dd/#m1) ### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 עָלַם: perpetuity [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b8_5dc_5b7_5dd/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** n.\[m.\] perpetuity, antiquity (v. BH III. עלם, עוֹלָם);—ע׳ abs. Dn 3:33 +, cstr. 7:18; emph. עָֽלְמָא 2:20 +; pl. עָֽלְמִין 2:4 +, emph. עָֽלְמַיָּא 2:44; 7:18;—perpetuity in the future: מַלְכוּת ע׳ Dn 3:33; 7:27, cf. 4:31; 7:14; ע׳ as adv. for ever 4:31; עַד־עָֽלְמָא וְעַד־עָלַם עָֽלְמַיָּא 7:18; pl. לְע׳ for ever 2:4, 44(×2); 3:9; 5:10; 6:7, 22, 27; antiquity, מִן־יוֹמָת עָֽלְמָא Ezr 4:15, 19; of limitless time both past and future: מִן־ע׳ וְעַד־ע׳ Dn 2:20. ### Jastrow 1903 עָלַם III: eternity, world burial ground, cemetery in general way, merely their graves [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b8_5dc_5b7_5dd/#m3) **The whole Jastrow entry:** = h. עוֹלָם, eternity, world &c. Targ. Gen. IX, 16. Targ. O. Ex. XXI, 6. Targ. Ps. LXI, 7; a. v. fr.—R. Hash. 31ᵃ שיתא אלפי שני הוי ע׳ וכ׳ the world shall last six thousand years, and one thousand years it will be waste. Gitt. 56ᵇ, v. חֲשֵׁב; a. v. fr.—Midr. Sam. ch. XXIV; Yalk. ib. 139 ע׳ דשקר the world of falsehood (this world); Lev. R. s. 26 (some ed. עולם, h. form); ע׳ דקושטא the world of truth (the hereafter). Sot. 10ᵇ, a. fr. ע׳ דאתי the world to come (= h. עולם הבא).—בית ע׳ the house of eternity (euphem. for ‘the house of death’) burial ground, cemetery. Lam. R. to I, 5. Lev. R. s. 12, beg.; a. e.—Kidd. 80ᵇ אינשי דע׳ common people (opp. to scholars).—כל ע׳, כולי ע׳ (abbrev. כ"ע), v. כּוֹלָּא. Ber. 36ᵇ כ"ע לא פליגי all the authorities mentioned agree; a. v. fr.—בְּעַלְמָא in a general way, merely. Targ. Y. Lev. XXVI, 24; 28.—Sabb. 103ᵇ, v. בגלטורי. Ib. 9ᵇ להזיע בע׳ merely to sweat (not to bathe); לעיוני בע׳ merely to examine (not to do any labor); a. v. fr.—Pl. עָלְמִין, עָלְמַיָּיא; constr. עָלְמֵי. Targ. Ps. IX, 8. Targ. O. Ex. XV, 18; a. fr.—Targ. Is. XLII, 11 בתי עַלְמֵיהוֹן their graves (v. supra). Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 15 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (13 candidates) ## Glosses MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: forever (7); (the) (4); of (the) (4). ## In the verses [Daniel 6:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.22/#tree) אֱדַ֙יִן֙ דָּנִיֶּ֔אל עִם־מַלְכָּ֖א מַלִּ֑ל מַלְכָּ֖א לְעָלְמִ֥ין חֱיִֽי׃ *Word for word:* then Daniel with the king he.spoke O king forever live! *JPS 1917:* Then said Daniel unto the king: 'O king, live for ever! [Daniel 3:9](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.9/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.9/#tree) עֲנוֹ֙ וְאָ֣מְרִ֔ין לִנְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר מַלְכָּ֑א מַלְכָּ֖א לְעָלְמִ֥ין חֱיִֽי׃ *Word for word:* they.replied and.\[were\] saying to Nebuchadnezzar the king O king forever live! *JPS 1917:* They spoke and said to Nebuchadnezzar the king: 'O king, live for ever! ## In Targum Onkelos Number 139 of the commonest words of Targum Onkelos, the Aramaic translation of the Torah: used 46 times there, in the forms עָלָם (35); לְעָלָם (9); לְעָלַם (2). [Exodus 15:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.18/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew יְיָ מַלְכוּתֵהּ קָאֵם לְעָלַם וּלְעָלְמֵי עָלְמַיָא: יְהוָ֥ה ׀ יִמְלֹ֖ךְ לְעֹלָ֥ם וָעֶֽד׃ *Word for word:* Yahweh he.will.reign forever of.perpetuity and ever *JPS 1917:* The LORD shall reign for ever and ever. [Deuteronomy 23:7](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.23.7/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.23.7/#tree) · Onkelos, then the Hebrew לָא תִתְבַּע שְׁלָמְהוֹן וְטָבָתְהוֹן כָּל יוֹמָיךְ לְעָלָם לֹא־תִדְרֹ֥שׁ שְׁלֹמָ֖ם וְטֹבָתָ֑ם כָּל־יָמֶ֖יךָ לְעוֹלָֽם׃ס *Word for word:* not you.will.seek peace their and good their all days your forever of.perpetuity *JPS 1917:* Thou shalt not seek their peace nor their prosperity all thy days for ever. ## On Mova - [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e2_5b8_5dc_5b7_5dd.html) on Mova free. - [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1506/lemma_3a_5e2_5b8_5dc_5b7_5dd/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames. Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).