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# צְפַר

Biblical Aramaic

**bird** — used 4 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

bird [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b0_5e4_5b7_5e8/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

צִפַּר: n.f. bird [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b0_5e4_5b7_5e8/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.f. Dn 4:18 (cf. K. p. 165, Anm. 3 bird (v. BH 11. צפר);—pl. abs. צִפֲּרִין Dn 4:30, emph. צִפְּרַיָּא v 11, cstr. צִפֲּרִי v 9, 18.

### Jastrow 1903

צְפַר I: to be bright to be swift to be shrill to whistle [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b0_5e4_5b7_5e8/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** (cmp. צָפָה) \[to be bright; denom. צַפְרָא; (of movement) to be swift; denom. צִפּוֹר, צָפִיר &c., (of sound) to be shrill,\] to whistle. Y. Ḥag. II, 77ᵈ bot. אין צַפְרִית חד זמן וכ׳ when I whistle once, put your garments on &c.; ib. 78ᵃ top \[read:\] אית בי עבד אנא צ׳ תרין צפרין … תמנין וכ׳ I can do (this); I can whistle twice and bring up eighty young men for you &c.; Y. Snh. VI, 23ᶜ bot. אי בי עביד נא צ׳ תרין זמנין וכ׳.

Why these entries: BDB: same consonants, part of speech agrees, 4 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (2 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech not compared, 0 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (16 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: the birds (2); birds (1); the (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 4:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.18/#tree)

וְעָפְיֵ֤הּ שַׁפִּיר֙ וְאִנְבֵּ֣הּ שַׂגִּ֔יא וּמָז֨וֹן לְכֹ֖לָּא־בֵ֑הּ תְּחֹת֗וֹהִי תְּדוּר֙ חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָ֔א וּבְעַנְפ֕וֹהִי יִשְׁכְּנָ֖ן צִפֲּרֵ֥י שְׁמַיָּֽא׃

*Word for word:* and foliage its \[was\].beautiful and fruit its \[was\].plentiful and food for.all \[was\].on it under it it.dwelt the.animal\[s\] of the.field and in branches its they.dwelt the.birds of the.heavens

*JPS 1917:* whose leaves were fair, and the fruit thereof much, and in it was food for all; under which the beasts of the field dwelt, and upon whose branches the fowls of the heaven had their habitation;

[Daniel 4:11](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.11/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.11/#tree)

קָרֵ֨א בְחַ֜יִל וְכֵ֣ן אָמַ֗ר גֹּ֤דּוּ אִֽילָנָא֙ וְקַצִּ֣צוּ עַנְפ֔וֹהִי אַתַּ֥רוּ עָפְיֵ֖הּ וּבַדַּ֣רוּ אִנְבֵּ֑הּ תְּנֻ֤ד חֵֽיוְתָא֙ מִן־תַּחְתּ֔וֹהִי וְצִפְּרַיָּ֖א מִן־עַנְפֽוֹהִי׃

*Word for word:* \[he.was\].proclaiming with power and as.follows \[he.was\].saying cut.down! the tree and cut.off! branches its strip.off! foliage its and scatter! fruit its let.it.flee the animal\[s\] from under it and the birds from branches its

*JPS 1917:* He cried aloud, and said thus: Hew down the tree, and cut off its branches, shake off its leaves, and scatter its fruit; let the beasts get away from under it, and the fowls from its branches.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e6_5b0_5e4_5b7_5e8.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b0_5e4_5b7_5e8/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).