[Elamur Dictionary](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99/) [dictionaries](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [Biblical Aramaic](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/) / [ק](https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/aramaic/qof/)‎ / קַדְמַי‎ # קַדְמַי Biblical Aramaic **former** — used 3 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917. ## Meaning ### OpenScriptures lexical index former [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1511/lemma_3a_5e7_5b7_5d3_5b0_5de_5b7_5d9/#m1) ### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 קַדְמָי: adj. former, first [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1511/lemma_3a_5e7_5b7_5d3_5b0_5de_5b7_5d9/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** adj. former, first (so Nab. Palm. 𝔗 Syriac);—fs. emph. קַדְמָֽיְתָא the first Dn 7:4, fpl. emph. קַרְנַיָּא קַדְמָיָתָא the former horns v 8, mpl. emph. קַדְמָיֵא v 24. ### Jastrow 1903 קַדְמַי: first, former, previous Fem. in ancient times in front [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1511/lemma_3a_5e7_5b7_5d3_5b0_5de_5b7_5d9/#m3) **The whole Jastrow entry:** (preced. wds.) first, former, previous. Targ. Y. II, Gen. I, 5 (ed. Vien. קֳרָמָי). Targ. Is. VIII, 23. Targ. Ps. XCII, 1 אדם ק׳ (v. קַדְמוֹנִי). Targ. Gen. XXV, 25; a. fr.—Y. B. Hash. II, 58ᵇ top כהנא אתמני קדמיי מן וכ׳ K. was appointed (member of the court) before R. Jacob; עאל … ק׳ מיניה לעיבורא but R. J. entered the meeting for intercalation before him. Lam. R. to III, 7 ק׳ מנהון, v. קְרַץ II; a. e.—Pl. קַדְמָאִין, קַדְמַיִין, קֳדָמָאֵי, קַדְ׳. Targ. Job XXIX, 2 (ed. Wil. קַדְמָיָן, read מָיִן …). Ib. VIII, 8. Targ. Jer. XVI, 18; a. fr.—Targ. Job XVIII, 20 קדמאי Ms. (ed. קַדְמוֹנָאֵי).—Y. Peah I, 21ᵈ bot. אי הוון ק׳ מלאכים וכ׳ (not בני מל׳) if our ancestors were angels, we are human beings, and if they were human &c.; Y. Shek. V, beg. 48ᶜ קדְמָאיֵי; Gen. R. s. 60; a. e.—Fem. קַדְמֵיתָא, קַדְמַיְיתָא. Targ. Jer. XXV, 1. Targ. Is. XLIII, 2 בק׳ in ancient times. Targ. O. Gen. XI, 2 בק׳ (h. text מקדם). Ib. XXXIII, 2 קַדְמֵתָא ed. Amst. ed. Vien. קדמאין; (ed. Berl. קַדְמוּתָא; Y. בק׳ דמיתא) in front; a. e.—Y. Taan. I, beg. 63ᶜ היא דעתיה … ק׳ היא וכ׳ R. Eliezer’s opinion in the former quotation (Mishnah) is the same as in the latter. Ib. בק׳ in the early prayer (שחרית). Y. Peah V, end, 19ᵃ (in a defective passage) מה בינה לק׳ what is the difference between this and the former case? Y. Ned. VI, end, 40ᵃ ק׳ ואיקרון when the first (of the three letters) was read, he showed them honor; a. e.—\[Y. Gitt. III, end, 45ᵇ, read: קְדִימְתָּא.\] Why these entries: BDB: same consonants, part of speech agrees, 3 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (1 candidates) ## Glosses MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: (the) (1); the (1); the former (1). ## In the verses [Daniel 7:24](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.24/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.24/#tree) וְקַרְנַיָּ֣א עֲשַׂ֔ר מִנַּהּ֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ה עַשְׂרָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְקֻמ֑וּן וְאָחֳרָ֞ן יְק֣וּם אַחֲרֵיה֗וֹן וְה֤וּא יִשְׁנֵא֙ מִן־קַדְמָיֵ֔א וּתְלָתָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְהַשְׁפִּֽל׃ *Word for word:* and the horns ten from it the kingdom ten kings they.will.arise and another he.will.arise after them and he he.will.be.different from the.former \[kings\] and three kings he.will.bring.low *JPS 1917:* And as for the ten horns, out of this kingdom shall ten kings arise; and another shall arise after them; and he shall be diverse from the former, and he shall put down three kings. [Daniel 7:4](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.4/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.4/#tree) קַדְמָיְתָ֣א כְאַרְיֵ֔ה וְגַפִּ֥ין דִּֽי־נְשַׁ֖ר לַ֑הּ חָזֵ֣ה הֲוֵ֡ית עַד֩ דִּי־מְּרִ֨יטוּ גַפַּ֜יהּ וּנְטִ֣ילַת מִן־אַרְעָ֗א וְעַל־רַגְלַ֙יִן֙ כֶּאֱנָ֣שׁ הֳקִימַ֔ת וּלְבַ֥ב אֱנָ֖שׁ יְהִ֥יב לַֽהּ׃ *Word for word:* the first \[was\].like a.lion and wings (diy).of an.eagle \[were\].to it seeing I.was until that they.were.plucked.off wings its and it.was.lifted away.from the earth and on two.feet like a.human it.was.made.to.stand and a.heart of.a.human it.was.given to it *JPS 1917:* The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings; I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked off, and it was lifted up from the earth, and made stand upon two feet as a man, and a man's heart was given to it. ## On Mova - [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e7_5b7_5d3_5b0_5de_5b7_5d9.html) on Mova free. - [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1511/lemma_3a_5e7_5b7_5d3_5b0_5de_5b7_5d9/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames. Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).