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# שְׁמַשׁ

Biblical Aramaic

**sun** — used 2 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

sun [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e9_5c1/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שְׁמַשׁ: sun [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e9_5c1/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.\[m. so DWB\] sun;—emph. שִׁמְשָׁא Dn 6:15.

### Jastrow 1903

שְׁמַשׁ: to minister, wait upon to couple to make use of [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e9_5c1/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** same, to minister, wait upon. Targ. Gen. XVIII, 8. Targ. I Kings I, 2; 4. Targ. I Sam. I, 3. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 1; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְשַׁמַּשׁ. Targ. Koh. X, 6 בש׳ באצלחותא וכ׳ (not מְשַׁמֵּשׁ) enjoying happiness from above.—Ab. Zar. 10ᵇ אנטונינוס שַׁמְּשֵׁיה לרבי Antoninus waited upon (entertained) Rabbi; a. e.—Trnsf. to couple. Targ. Y. Lev. XV, 18; a. fr. to make use of. Ab. I, 13 ודיִשְׁתַּמַּשׁ בתגא חלף he who makes use of the crown (of the Law) goes to ruin. Meg. 16ᵃ לאו … לאִשְׁתַּמּוּשֵׁי במני וכ׳ it is unbecoming to make use of royal garments in such a condition; a. e.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (4 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (3 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech differs, 0 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: of (1); they (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 7:10](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.10/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.10/#tree)

נְהַ֣ר דִּי־נ֗וּר נָגֵ֤ד וְנָפֵק֙ מִן־קֳדָמ֔וֹהִי אֶ֤לֶף אַלְפִין֙ יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּ֔הּ וְרִבּ֥וֹ רִבְבָ֖ן קָֽדָמ֣וֹהִי יְקוּמ֑וּן דִּינָ֥א יְתִ֖ב וְסִפְרִ֥ין פְּתִֽיחוּ׃

*Word for word:* a.river (diy).of fire \[was\].flowing and coming.out from before him a.thousand of.thousands they were.ministering.to.him and a.myriad of.myriads before him they.were.standing the court it.sat and books they.were.opened

*JPS 1917:* A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him; thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; the judgment was set, and the books were opened.

[Daniel 6:15](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.15/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.15/#tree)

אֱדַ֨יִן מַלְכָּ֜א כְּדִ֧י מִלְּתָ֣א שְׁמַ֗ע שַׂגִּיא֙ בְּאֵ֣שׁ עֲל֔וֹהִי וְעַ֧ל דָּנִיֵּ֛אל שָׂ֥ם בָּ֖ל לְשֵׁיזָבוּתֵ֑הּ וְעַד֙ מֶֽעָלֵ֣י שִׁמְשָׁ֔א הֲוָ֥א מִשְׁתַּדַּ֖ר לְהַצָּלוּתֵֽהּ׃

*Word for word:* then the king as that the word he.heard exceedingly it.was.displeasing to him and concerning Daniel he.set mind to deliver him and until the.goings.in of the.sun he.was striving to rescue him

*JPS 1917:* Then the king, when he heard these words, was sore displeased, and set his heart on Daniel to deliver him; and he laboured till the going down of the sun to deliver him.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e9_5c1.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e9_5c1/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).