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# שַׁפִּיר

Biblical Aramaic

**fair** — used 2 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

fair [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b7_5c1_5e4_5b4_5bc_5d9_5e8/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שַׁפִּיר²: adj. fair, beautiful [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b7_5c1_5e4_5b4_5bc_5d9_5e8/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adj. fair, beautiful;—of foliage Dn 4:9, 18.

### Jastrow 1903

שַׁפִּיר: handsome, pleasing; good; cheerful Fem right, well [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b7_5c1_5e4_5b4_5bc_5d9_5e8/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** (שְׁפַר) handsome, pleasing; good; cheerful. Targ. I Sam. XVI, 12. Targ. O. Gen. XLVII, 6, (v. שֶׁפֶר ch.); a. fr.—Midr. Till. to Ps. XVI, 6 (in Hebr. dict.) על … נעשה לי ש׳ because I was content with my portion, it became beautiful to me; Yalk. ib. 667 (corr. acc.).—Kidd. 31ᵇ בעינא גברא דש׳ כותך I want a man as handsome as thou art; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁפִּירִין, שַׁפִּירַיָּא, שַׁפִּירֵי. Targ. Deut. VIII, 12. Targ. II Chr. VII, 10; a. fr.—B. Mets. 84ᵃ אנא … מש׳ ירושלם I am one of the survivors of the handsome men of Jerusalem. Ib. בני ש׳ כוותי children as good-looking as I am; a. fr.—Fem. שׁפִּירָא, שַׁפִּירְתָּא, שַׁפִּרְ׳. Targ. Gen. XII, 14. Ib. 11. Targ. O. Num. XII, 1; a. fr.—B. Mets. l. c. דש׳ מינאי who is handsomer than I am; a. e.—Pl. שַׁפִּירָן, שַׁפִּירָתָא. Targ. Gen. VI, 2. Targ. Y. ib. 1. Targ. Job XLII, 15; a. e. (adv.) right, well. B. Mets. l. c. אטו … דש׳ קאמינא do I not know that what I say is right? Yoma 29ᵇ מאן קא מותיב ש׳ קא מותיב he who asked that question has asked well. Yeb. 94ᵇ והאי ש׳ נסיב and he married rightly (legally); והא ש׳ נסיב and he married this one lawfully; a. fr.—ש׳ דמי, v. דְּמֵי I.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (2 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (11 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: \[was\] beautiful (2).

## In the verses

[Daniel 4:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.18/#tree)

וְעָפְיֵ֤הּ שַׁפִּיר֙ וְאִנְבֵּ֣הּ שַׂגִּ֔יא וּמָז֨וֹן לְכֹ֖לָּא־בֵ֑הּ תְּחֹת֗וֹהִי תְּדוּר֙ חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָ֔א וּבְעַנְפ֕וֹהִי יִשְׁכְּנָ֖ן צִפֲּרֵ֥י שְׁמַיָּֽא׃

*Word for word:* and foliage its \[was\].beautiful and fruit its \[was\].plentiful and food for.all \[was\].on it under it it.dwelt the.animal\[s\] of the.field and in branches its they.dwelt the.birds of the.heavens

*JPS 1917:* whose leaves were fair, and the fruit thereof much, and in it was food for all; under which the beasts of the field dwelt, and upon whose branches the fowls of the heaven had their habitation;

[Daniel 4:9](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.9/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.9/#tree)

עָפְיֵ֤הּ שַׁפִּיר֙ וְאִנְבֵּ֣הּ שַׂגִּ֔יא וּמָז֨וֹן לְכֹ֖לָּא־בֵ֑הּ תְּחֹת֜וֹהִי תַּטְלֵ֣ל ׀ חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָ֗א וּבְעַנְפ֙וֹהִי֙ יְדוּרָן֙ צִפֲּרֵ֣י שְׁמַיָּ֔א וּמִנֵּ֖הּ יִתְּזִ֥ין כָּל־בִּשְׂרָֽא׃

*Word for word:* foliage its \[was\].beautiful and fruit its \[was\].plentiful and food for.all \[was\].on it under it it.had.shade the.animal\[s\] of the.field and in branches its they.nested the.birds of the.heavens and from it it.fed all (the) flesh

*JPS 1917:* The leaves thereof were fair, and the fruit thereof much, and in it was food for all; the beasts of the field had shadow under it, and the fowls of the heaven dwelt in the branches thereof, and all flesh was fed of it.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e9_5b7_5c1_5e4_5b4_5bc_5d9_5e8.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b7_5c1_5e4_5b4_5bc_5d9_5e8/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).