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# שְׁפַל

Biblical Aramaic

**low** — used 1 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 1 verse word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

low [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5e4_5b7_5dc/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שְׁפַל: adj. low [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5e4_5b7_5dc/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adj. low in station;—cstr. שׁ׳ Dn 4:14.

### Jastrow 1903

שְׁפַל II: lowly [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5e4_5b7_5dc/#m3)

**The whole Jastrow entry:** , lowly. Targ. Prov. XVI, 19.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (2 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech not compared, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: a lowly \[one\] (1).

## In the verses

[Daniel 4:14](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.14/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.14/#tree)

בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ פִּתְגָמָ֔א וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א עַד־דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּאָ֜ה בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֗אוּלְמַן־דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽהּ׃

*Word for word:* \[is\].by.\[the\] decree of.watchers the command and \[is.by.the\].word of.holy.\[ones\] the affair to \[the\].cause (of).that they.will.know the.living \[people\] (diy).that \[is\].having.mastery the.Most High over the.kingdom of.(the) humankind and to whomever whom he.will.be.pleased he will.give.it and a.lowly.\[one\] of.humankind he.will.set.up over it

*JPS 1917:* The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men.

## On Mova

- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5e4_5b7_5dc/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).