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# אַלּוּף

Biblical Hebrew

**tame** — used 9 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

tame [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5dc_5bc_5d5_5bc_5e3/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אַלּוּף: adj. tame n.m. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5dc_5bc_5d5_5bc_5e3/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adj. tame—א׳ abs. Mi 7:5 +; cstr. Pr 2:17 +; sf. אַלּוּפִי ψ 55:14; pl. אַלֻּפִים Je 13:21, sf. אַלּוּפֵינוּ ψ 144:14, etc.;— tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Je 11:19. n.m. friend, intimate ψ 55:14 (‖ מְיֻדָּע) Mi 7:5 (‖ רֵעַ) Pr 16:28; 17:9 Je 13:21; of a woman’s husband א׳ נְעוּרֶיהָ Pr 2:17; fig. of י׳ as husband of Judah, id., Je 3:4. i.q. 1. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים ψ 144:14 (i.e. cows).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 9 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (8 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: a close friend (3); \[were\] the close friend (1); a tame one (1).

## In the verses

[Proverbs 16:28](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.16.28/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.16.28/#tree)

אִ֣ישׁ תַּ֭הְפֻּכוֹת יְשַׁלַּ֣ח מָד֑וֹן וְ֝נִרְגָּ֗ןמַפְרִ֥יד אַלּֽוּף׃

*Word for word:* a.person of.perversiti(es) he.sends.out strife and a.slanderer \[is\].separating a.close.friend

*JPS 1917:* A froward man soweth strife; and a whisperer separateth familiar friends.

[Proverbs 17:9](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.17.9/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.17.9/#tree)

מְֽכַסֶּה־פֶּ֭שַׁע מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אַהֲבָ֑ה וְשֹׁנֶ֥ה בְ֝דָבָ֗ר מַפְרִ֥יד אַלּֽוּף׃

*Word for word:* \[one.who\].conceals a.transgression \[is\].seeking love and \[one.who\].repeats (in).a matter \[is\].separating a.close.friend

*JPS 1917:* He that covereth a transgression seeketh love; but he that harpeth on a matter estrangeth a familiar friend.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5dc_5bc_5d5_5bc_5e3.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b7_5dc_5bc_5d5_5bc_5e3/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).