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# אֶמֶשׁ

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H570

**yesterday** — used 5 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

yesterday [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/570/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אֶ֫מֶשׁ: yesterday [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/570/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adv. yesterday (etym. dub.; MV after Fl De on Jb 30:3 cf. Sta§ 256 c der. from √ משׁה = Arabic مسا, whence مَسَآءٌ, evening; v. also in Thes, & cf. Assyrian mušu, night COTGloss, Ethiopic ምሴት but also Arabic أَمْسٌ = Assyrian amšatu, yesterday) = last night Gn 19:34; 31:29, 42 (אָ֑מֶשׁ); = recently 2 K 9:26.—Jb 30:3 א׳ שׁוֹאָה is difficult & uncertain Thes MV al. darkness, gloom of wasteness, so RV, but dub., cf. Di; G. Hoffm. reads אֵם שׁ׳ = the mother of (all) the ruined (said of the desert).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech not compared, 5 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech not compared, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: last night (3); yesterday (2).

## In the verses

[Job 30:3](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.30.3/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.30.3/#tree)

בְּחֶ֥סֶר וּבְכָפָ֗ן גַּ֫לְמ֥וּד הַֽעֹרְקִ֥ים צִיָּ֑ה אֶ֝֗מֶשׁ שׁוֹאָ֥ה וּמְשֹׁאָֽה׃

*Word for word:* by poverty and by hunger barren \[those who\].gnaw a.dry.region yesterday devastation and desolation

*JPS 1917:* They are gaunt with want and famine; they gnaw the dry ground, in the gloom of wasteness and desolation.

[Genesis 31:42](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.42/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.42/#tree)

לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַכַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ׃

*Word for word:* if.not the.God my.father my the.God of.Abraham and the.fear of.Isaac he.had.been for me (dm) now empty you sent.me.away (et) affliction my and (et) the.toil my.hands our he.has.seen God and he.decided last.night

*JPS 1917:* Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Fear of Isaac, had been on my side, surely now hadst thou sent me away empty. God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and gave judgment yesternight.'

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/570.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/570/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).