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# אָפָה

Biblical Hebrew

**bake** — used 12 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

bake [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b8_5e4_5b8_5d4/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אָפָה: vb. bake Qal [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b8_5e4_5b8_5d4/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. bake (Assyrian epû, ZimBP 43 Aramaic אֲפָא, ܐܶܦܳܐ )— Pf. א׳ Gn 19:3; אָפִיתִי Is 44:19; וְאָפוּ consec. Lv 26:26 etc.; Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתֹּפֵהוּ 1 S 28:24; יֹאפוּ Ez 46:20; תֹּאפוּ Ex 16:23; Imv. אֵפוּ Ex 16:23; Pt. אֹפֶה Gn 40:1 +; אֹפֵהֶם Ho 7:6; pl. אֹפִים Gn 40:16 +; אֹפוֹת 1 S 8:13, etc.—bake, obj. לֶחֶם Lv 26:26 (H) Is 44:15, 19 (cf. Je 37:21); מַצּוֹת Gn 19:3 (J) 1 S 28:24; עֻגֹת מצות Ex 12:39 (J); חַלּוֹת Lv 24:5 (H); מִנְחָה Ez 46:20; מָן Ex 16:23(×2) (P;—c. 2nd obj. of material Ex 12:39 בָּצֵק, Lv 24:5 סֹלֶת, 1 S 28:24 קֶמַח). Pt. always as subst. baker Gn 40:1, 2, 5, 16, 17, 20, 22; 41:10 (all E) Ho 7:4, 6; Je 37:21 מִחוּץ הָא׳ out of the bakers’ street; also 1 S 8:13 (‖ טַבָּחוֹת, רַקָּחוֹת; only here fem.) Nowhere as a menial office, not even 1 S 8:13 where despotic power & growth of court emphasized. Impf. 3 fs. תֵּאָפֶה Lv 6:10; 7:9; 3 fpl. תֵּאָפֶינָה Lv 23:17;—pass. of Qal be baked, baken of לֶחֶם Lv 23:17; מִנְחָה 7:9 cf. 6:10.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech differs, 12 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (4 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech differs, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (3 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: the bakers (6); baker (2); a baker (1).

## In the verses

[Genesis 40:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.40.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.40.22/#tree)

וְאֵ֛ת שַׂ֥ר הָאֹפִ֖ים תָּלָ֑ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּתַ֛ר לָהֶ֖ם יוֹסֵֽף׃

*Word for word:* and (et) the.chief of the.bakers he.hanged just as he.had.interpreted for them Joseph

*JPS 1917:* But he hanged the chief baker, as Joseph had interpreted to them.

[1 Samuel 8:13](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.13/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.13/#tree)

וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם יִקָּ֑ח לְרַקָּח֥וֹת וּלְטַבָּח֖וֹת וּלְאֹפֽוֹת׃

*Word for word:* and (et) daughters your he.will.take to perfumers and to cooks and to bakers

*JPS 1917:* And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/lemma_3a_5d0_5b8_5e4_5b8_5d4.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/lemma_3a_5d0_5b8_5e4_5b8_5d4/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).