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# אָשַׁם

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H816

**offend** — used 35 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

offend [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/816/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

אָשַׁם: vb. offend, be guilty [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/816/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. offend, be guilty (Arabic أَثِمَ peccavit, إِثْمٌ offence, أَثَامٌ, إِثَامٌ, requital, fault, mulct, cf. Ethiopic ሕሠም:)— Pf. אָשַׁם Lv 5:19 Nu 5:7; אָשֵׁם Hb 1:11 + 7 times; אָֽשְׁמָה Nu 5:6; אָשָׁ֑מְתָּ Pr 30:10; אָשַׁמְתְּ Ez 22:4; אָשֵׁ֑מוּ Lv 4:13; Impf. יֶאְשַׁם Ho 4:15 + 13 times; Inf. abs. אָשֹׁם Lv 5:19; אָשׁוֹם Ez 25:12;— commit an offence, a trespass, do a wrong, or an injury, with לְ: אָשֹׁם אָשַׁם ליהוה he hath done a great wrong to Yahweh (in violating the commands) Lv 5:19 (P); וְנָתַן לַאֲשֶׁר אָשַׁם לוֹ and he shall give it (restitution) to him to whom he did wrong Nu 5:7 (P), cf. 2 Ch 19:10, 10; וַיֶּאְשְׁמוּ אָשׁוֹם and they committed lasting wrong (irreparable wrong, the Edomites against Judah) Ez 25:12. be or become guilty Ju 21:22 Je 50:7 Ho 4:15 Hb 1:11; in offences requiring sin-offering Lv 4:13, 22, 27 (P), of trespass-offering Lv 5:2, 3, 17, 23 Nu 5:6 (P); with ל guilty of Lv 5:4, 5 (P), with ב in or through Ez 22:4 Ho 13:1. be held guilty, bear punishment ψ 34:22, 23 Pr 30:10 Is 24:6 Je 2:3 Ho 5:15; 10:2; 14:1 Zc 11:5 Ez 6:6 (but cf. שָׁמֵם). נֶאְשָׁמוּ suffer punishment Jo 1:18. (si vera l.; Me We al. נָשַׁמּוּ, √ שׁמם, cf. Drad loc). Impf. sf. הַאֲשִׁימֵם declare them guilty ψ 5:11.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 32 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (3 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: he will be guilty (8); they will be held guilty (6); he was guilty (2).

## In the verses

[Leviticus 5:19](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.19/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.19/#tree)

אָשָׁ֖ם ה֑וּא אָשֹׁ֥ם אָשַׁ֖ם לַיהוָֽה׃פ

*Word for word:* \[is\].a.guilt.offering it indeed.(be.guilty) he.was.guilty to Yahweh

*JPS 1917:* It is a guilt-offering — he is certainly guilty before the LORD.

[Psalms 34:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.34.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.34.22/#tree)

תְּמוֹתֵ֣ת רָשָׁ֣ע רָעָ֑ה וְשֹׂנְאֵ֖י צַדִּ֣יק יֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃

*Word for word:* it.will.kill \[the\].wicked evil and \[those.who\].hate (of).\[the\].righteous they.will.be.held.guilty

*JPS 1917:* Evil shall kill the wicked; and they that hate the righteous shall be held guilty.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/816.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1488/816/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).