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# גַּל

Biblical Hebrew

**heap** — used 16 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

heap [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b7_5bc_5dc/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

גַּל²: n.m. heap, wave, billow spring n.pr. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b7_5bc_5dc/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Gn 31:48 heap, wave, billow (as rolled together, rolling, rolling up), also spring, MT Ct 4:12 cf. 3 infr.—abs. גַּל Jb 8:17 + 5 times (incl. הַגַּל Gn 31:48 +); גָּ֑ל Gn 31:46; הַגָּ֑ל Gn 31:46; לַגָּ֑ל Is. 25:2; cstr. גַּל־ Jos 7:26 + 2 times + Gn 31:47, 48 q.v. infr.; pl. גַּלִּים 2 K 19:25 + 6 times; cstr. גַּלֵּי־ Is 48:18; sf. גַּלָּיו ψ 89:10 + 6 times; גַּלֵּיהֶם ψ 65:8 + 2 times;— heap of stones, ג׳ אבנים raised (הקים) over dead body Jos 7:26; 8:29; cf. 2 S 18:17 (c. הִצִּיב). גַּל alone Jb 8:17 (roots wrapped about it). heap or pile made (עשׂה) for use in ratifying compact of Jacob with Laban Gn 31:46(×2), 48, 51, 52(×3) cf. also גַּלְעֵד n.pr. heap of ruins Is 25:2; elsewhere pl. Ho 12:12 2 K 19:25 = Is 37:26 Jb 15:28 Jer. 9:10; 51:37. waves (rollers) poet., only pl., waves of sea Je 5:22; 31:35 Is 51:15 Jb 38:11 ψ 65:8; 89:10; 107:25, 29; cf. also in simile Ez 26:3 Is 48:18 (גַּלֵּי־הַיָּם); fig. of chastisements from י׳ ψ 42:8 (‖ מִשְׁבָּרִים) Jon 2:3 (‖ id.); of army of Babylon’s conqueror Je 51:42, 55; cf. Zc 10:11 (VB; but BevJPh. xviii. 88 proposes גִּבְלִים cf. Ez 27:9). spring, Ct 4:12 גַּן נָעוּל אֲחוֹתִי כַּלָּ֑ה גַּל נָעוּל מַעְיָן חָתוּם a garden barred (is) my sister, bride, a spring barred, a fountain sealed; but גַּן for גַּל 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 15 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (10 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (6 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: waves (11); a spring (1); its waves (1).

## In the verses

[Psalms 107:29](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.107.29/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.107.29/#tree)

יָקֵ֣ם סְ֭עָרָה לִדְמָמָ֑ה וַ֝יֶּחֱשׁ֗וּ גַּלֵּיהֶֽם׃

*Word for word:* he.raised \[the\].storm into a.whisper and they.were.still waves their

*JPS 1917:* He made the storm a calm, so that the waves thereof were still.

[Psalms 65:8](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.65.8/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.65.8/#tree)

מַשְׁבִּ֤יחַ ׀ שְׁא֣וֹן יַ֭מִּים שְׁא֥וֹן גַּלֵּיהֶ֗ם וַהֲמ֥וֹן לְאֻמִּֽים׃

*Word for word:* \[who\].calms \[the\].uproar of.\[the\].seas the.uproar their.waves their and.\[the\] tumult of.\[the\].peoples

*JPS 1917:* Who stillest the roaring of the seas, the roaring of their waves, and the tumult of the peoples;

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/lemma_3a_5d2_5b7_5bc_5dc.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/lemma_3a_5d2_5b7_5bc_5dc/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).