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# חָפֵר

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H2659

**be abashed** — used 17 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

be abashed [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2659/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

חָפֵר: vb. be abashed, ashamed Hiph. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2659/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. be abashed, ashamed (𝔗 חֲפַר Pr 13:5, מַחְפְּרָנָא one causing shame Pr 19:26; Syriac ܚܦܰܪ, especially Aph. be ashamed, put to shame; Arabic خَفَرَ / خَفِرَ be bashful, خَفِرٌ shy, bashful; Ethiopic ኀፈረ: be ashamed, blush)— Pf. 3 fs. חָֽפְרָה Je 50:12; וְחָֽפְרָה consec. Is 24:23; וְחָפֵ֑רָה Je 15:9; חָֽפְרוּ ψ 71:24; וְחָֽפְרוּ consec. Mi 3:7; Impf. יַחְפְּרוּ ψ 35:4 + 4 times; יֶחְפָּ֑רוּ ψ 34:6; וַיֶּחְפָּ֑רוּ Jb 6:20; תַּחְפְּרוּ Is 1:29;—be abashed, ashamed, said of face ψ 34:6 (avoided by looking to י׳); elsewhere always ‖ בּוֹשׁ, of enemies of righteousness ψ 71:24; 35:4, 26; 40:15 = 70:3; 83:18; of idolaters Is 1:29; diviners Mi 3:7; of distressed Jerusalem Je 15:9; so of Babylon 50:12; of moon Is 24:23; be put to shame (disappointment), of caravans looking for water Jb 6:20. Pf. הֶחְפִּיר Is 33:9; Impf. יַחְפִּיר Pr 13:5; תַּחְפִּ֫ירִי Is 54:4; Pt. מַחְפִּיר Pr 19:26;—display shame, fig. of Lebanon Is 33:9 (‖ קָמַ֑ל ‘dried up’ Che); of Israel Is 54:4 (‖ בּוֹשׁ Qal); of an unfilial son, cause shame Pr 19:26 (‖ מֵבִישׁ); cf. Pr 13:5 of wicked (‖ יבאישׁ: v. באשׁ Hiph. supr. p. 93).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 17 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (5 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (6 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: may they be abashed (6); causes shame (1); he acts shamefully (1).

## In the verses

[Job 6:20](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.6.20/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.6.20/#tree)

בֹּ֥שׁוּ כִּֽי־בָטָ֑ח בָּ֥אוּעָ֝דֶ֗יהָ וַיֶּחְפָּֽרוּ׃

*Word for word:* they.are.disappointed (dm) he.had.been.confident they.come to it and they.were.disappointed

*JPS 1917:* They were ashamed because they had hoped; they came thither, and were confounded.

[Proverbs 19:26](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.26/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.26/#tree)

מְֽשַׁדֶּד־אָ֭ב יַבְרִ֣יחַ אֵ֑ם בֵּ֝֗ן מֵבִ֥ישׁ וּמַחְפִּֽיר׃

*Word for word:* \[one.who\].assaults a.father \[who\].he.drives.away a.mother \[is\].a.son \[who\].brings.shame and.\[who\] causes.shame

*JPS 1917:* A son that dealeth shamefully and reproachfully will despoil his father, and chase away his mother.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2659.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2659/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).