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# חָרָשׁ

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H2796

**graver** — used 37 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

graver [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2796/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

חָרָשׁ: n.m. graver, artificer [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2796/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Ex 38:23 graver, artificer (Ph. חרש)—abs. ח׳ (= חַרָּשׁ) Ex 35:35 + 14 times; cstr. חָרַשׁ Ex 28:11 + 2 times; pl. חָֽרָשִׁים Ho 13:2 + 7 times; חֲרָשִׁים 1 Ch 4:14(×2) Ne 11:35 (v. infr.); cstr. חָֽרָשֵׁי 2 S 5:11 + 6 times;— graver, artificer: worker in metal 1 S 13:19 Ho 8:6; 13:2 Dt 27:15 Je 10:9 (‖ צֹרֵף), Is 40:19 (‖ id.), 54:16 1 Ch 29:5; ח׳ בַּרְזֶל Is 44:12 2 Ch 24:12; perhaps also Is 41:7 (+ צֹרֵף); appar. = hammerer Zc 2:3 (symbol.). worker in wood ח׳ עֵץ 2 S 5:11 = 1 Ch 14:1 (עֵצִים), 2 K 12:12; 22:6 = 2 Ch 34:11, Je 10:3 Is 40:20; 44:13 (v. also 1 Ch 22:15 infr.); perhaps also Ezr 3:7 2 Ch 24:12 (both ‖ חצב). worker in stone ח׳ אֶבֶן קִיר 2 S 5:11 = 1 Ch 14:1 (om. אבן); also of engraving on gems ח׳ אבן Ex 28:11 (P; ‖ פִּתּוּחֵי חֹתָם); see also foll. in gen. ח׳ אֶבֶן וָעֵץ 1 Ch 22:15; idol-maker ח׳ צִירִים Is 45:16, cf. 44:11 (also v 12, 13 supr.), 2 K 24:14, 16 Je 24:1; 29:2 (all ‖ מַסְגֵּר), Ex 35:35; 38:23 (both P; both ‖ חֹשֵׁב). In גֵּיא חֲרָשִׁים 1 Ch 4:14, גֵּי הַחֲ׳ Ne 11:35 valley of (the) artificers, and חֲרָשִׁים artificers 1 Ch 4:14, ח has—ֲ exceptionally, v. Ol§ 183 a Köii § 60. 5; read חָֽרָשִׁים? fig. ח׳ מַשְׁחִית Ez 21:36 men skilled to destroy.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 33 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (14 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (12 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: craftsmen (15); a craftsman (8); craftsman (4).

## In the verses

[Zechariah 2:3](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.2.3/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.2.3/#tree)

וַיַּרְאֵ֣נִי יְהוָ֔ה אַרְבָּעָ֖ה חָרָשִֽׁים׃

*Word for word:* and he showed.me Yahweh four craftsmen

*JPS 1917:* And the LORD showed me four craftsmen.

[Isaiah 3:3](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.3/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.3/#tree)

שַׂר־חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וּנְשׂ֣וּא פָנִ֑ים וְיוֹעֵ֛ץ וַחֲכַ֥ם חֲרָשִׁ֖ים וּנְב֥וֹן לָֽחַשׁ׃

*Word for word:* commander of.fifty and \[one.who.is\].uplifted of.face and counselor and.\[one\] skillful of.magic.arts and \[one.who\].has.understanding of.charming

*JPS 1917:* The captain of fifty, and the man of rank, and the counsellor, and the cunning charmer, and the skilful enchanter.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2796.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2796/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).