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# יִדְּעֹנִי

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H3049

**familiar spirit** — used 11 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

familiar spirit [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3049/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

יִדְּעֹנִי: n.m. familiar spirit [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3049/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. familiar spirit (proposes either as knowing, wise (acquainted with secrets of unseen world), Ew vielwisserisch; or as intimate acquaintance of soothsayer, v. RS JPh. xiv. 1885. 127)—abs. יִדְּעֹנִי Dt 18:11 + 2 times; pl. יִדְּעֹנִים 1 S 28:3 + 6 times; הַיִּדְּעֹנִי מִן 1 S 28:9, read הַיִּדְּעֹנִים מִן (v. 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr); familiar spirit, always ‖ אוֹב, אֹבוֹת 1 S 28:3, 9 Is 8:19; 19:3 2 K 21:6 (עשׂה אוֹב; ‖ נִחֵשׁ, עוֹנֵן) = 2 Ch 33:6, 2 K 23:24 Lv 19:31; 20:6, 27 (all H; on last two cf. Acts 16:16 and Dr Dt 18:11), (‖ אוֹב + דֹּרֵשׁ אֶל־הַמֵּתִים).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 11 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: soothsayers (7); a soothsayer (2); soothsayer (2).

## In the verses

[Deuteronomy 18:11](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.18.11/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.18.11/#tree)

וְחֹבֵ֖ר חָ֑בֶר וְשֹׁאֵ֥ל אוֹב֙ וְיִדְּעֹנִ֔י וְדֹרֵ֖שׁ אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃

*Word for word:* and \[one.who\].casts a.spell and \[one.who\].consults a.necromancer and a.soothsayer and \[one.who\].consults (to) the dead

*JPS 1917:* or a charmer, or one that consulteth a ghost or a familiar spirit, or a necromancer.

[Leviticus 19:31](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.31/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.31/#tree)

אַל־תִּפְנ֤וּ אֶל־הָאֹבֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים אַל־תְּבַקְשׁ֖וּ לְטָמְאָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

*Word for word:* do.not turn to the necromancers and to the soothsayers do.not seek.\[them\] to become.unclean by them I \[am\].Yahweh God your

*JPS 1917:* Turn ye not unto the ghosts, nor unto familiar spirits; seek them not out, to be defiled by them: I am the LORD your God.

## On Mova

- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3049/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).