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# כָּבֵד

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H3515

**heavy** — used 41 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

heavy [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1499/3515/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

כָּבֵד²: adj. heavy [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1499/3515/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** adj. heavy;—כ׳ Gn 41:31 + 34 times; cstr. כְּבַד Ex 4:10(×2); כֶּ֫בֶד Is 1:4; pl. כְּבֵדִים Ex 17:12; cstr. כִּבְדֵי Ez 3:5, 6;— heavy, a burden ψ 38:5; hands (weary of holding up) Ex 17:12 (E), hair of head 2 S 14:26, a corpulent old man 1 S 4:18; עַם כֶבֶד עָוֹן Is 1:4 a people heavy with (the burden of) iniquity; a cloud charged with rain Ex 19:16 (E); a rock of large size Is 32:2; oppressive, grievous, burdensome, a yoke 1 K 12:4, 11 = 2 Ch 10:4, 11; a famine Gn 12:10; 41:31; 43:1; 47:4, 13 (J); the vexation (כַּעַם) of a fool Pr 27:3; vehement, sore, of a mourning Gn 50:11 (J). massive, abundant, numerous, of a people עַם Nu 20:20 (J) 1 K 3:9; army חיל 2 K 6:14; 18:17 = Is 36:2; insect swarm Ex 8:20 (J). heavy, dull of speech and tongue Ex 4:10(×2) (JE); of the לֵב, hard Ex 7:14 (J). burdensome, of a thing Ex 18:18 (E) people Nu 11:14 (J); of a people to be understood Ez 3:5, 6. in the usage of J כָּבֵד מְאֹד is frequent: very oppressive, grievous, of hail Ex 9 18:24; murrian Ex 9:3; lamentation Gn 50:10. very numerous, cattle Ex 12:38; army, מַחֲנֶה Gn 50:9; locusts Ex 10:14; so חַיִל 1 K 10:2 = 2 Ch 9:1. very rich, במקנה in cattle Gn 13:2.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 38 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (7 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: heavy (18); massive (6); \[was\] heavy (4).

## In the verses

[Genesis 43:1](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.1/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.1/#tree)

וְהָרָעָ֖ב כָּבֵ֥ד בָּאָֽרֶץ׃

*Word for word:* and the famine \[was\].heavy in the land

*JPS 1917:* And the famine was sore in the land.

[Psalms 38:5](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.38.5/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.38.5/#tree)

כִּ֣י עֲ֭וֺנֹתַי עָבְר֣וּ רֹאשִׁ֑י כְּמַשָּׂ֥א כָ֝בֵ֗ד יִכְבְּד֥וּ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃

*Word for word:* (dm) iniquities my they.have.passed.over head my like a.burden heavy they.are.\[too\].heavy for me

*JPS 1917:* For mine iniquities are gone over my head; as a heavy burden they are too heavy for me.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/3515.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1499/3515/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).