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# מְלֶכֶת

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H4446

**queen** — used 5 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

queen [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4446/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

מְלֶ֫כֶת: n.f. queen [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4446/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.f. queen (form difficult; cf. Ol§ 147 d Köii, 169 n. Gie Je 7:18 BaNB 165, Anm. 2; ZMG xii, 1887, 606);—only cstr. מ׳ הַשָּׁמַיִם Je 7:18 + 4 times Je = queen of the heavens, a goddess; identif. dub.; perhaps = Ištar, Venus, cf. Schrinfr. al.; (\> = מְלֶאכֶת (Codd.), cstr. of מְלָאכָה (v. לאך), worship of the heavens (Cast Lex. Syriac), or creative work of the heavens, coll. = צְבָא הַשּׁ׳ host of heaven, Stainfr. (cf. 𝔊); v. SchrCOT Je 7, 18; SBAk 1886, 477 ff.; ZA iii, 1888, 353 ff., iv. 1889, 74 ff. StaZAW 1886, 123 ff. 289 ff. KueGes. Abh. 186 ff. WeSkizzen iii. 38 NöZMG xli. 1889, 710 f. RSSem i. 57, 172 (ed. 2, 57, 189) GrünbZMG xlii. 1888, 45);—only as worshipped by people of Jerusalem לַעֲשׂוֹת כַּוָּנִים לִמְ׳ הַשּׁ׳ Je 7:18 (‖ הַסֵּךְ נְסָכִים לֵאלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים); לְקַטֵּר לִמ׳ הַשּׁ׳ Je 44:17, 18, 19, 25 (all ‖ הַסֵּךְ לָהּ נְסָכִים).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 5 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (3 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: the queen (5).

## In the verses

[Jeremiah 44:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.18/#tree)

וּמִן־אָ֡ז חָדַ֜לְנוּ לְקַטֵּ֨ר לִמְלֶ֧כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְהַסֵּֽךְ־לָ֥הּ נְסָכִ֖ים חָסַ֣רְנוּ כֹ֑ל וּבַחֶ֥רֶב וּבָרָעָ֖ב תָּֽמְנוּ׃

*Word for word:* and from then we.ceased to make.smoke to the.queen of the.heavens and to.pour.out to her drink.offerings we.have.lacked everything and by the sword and by the famine we.have.met.our.end

*JPS 1917:* But since we let off to offer to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her, we have wanted all things, and have been consumed by the sword and by the famine.

[Jeremiah 44:19](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.19/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.44.19/#tree)

וְכִֽי־אֲנַ֤חְנוּ מְקַטְּרִים֙ לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וּלְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִ֑ים הֲמִֽבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֲנָשֵׁ֗ינוּ עָשִׂ֨ינוּ לָ֤הּ כַּוָּנִים֙ לְהַ֣עֲצִבָ֔ה וְהַסֵּ֥ךְ לָ֖הּ נְסָכִֽים׃פ

*Word for word:* and (dm) we \[were\].making.smoke to the.queen of the.heavens and to pour.out to her drink.offerings ? (from) without husbands our did.we.make for her cakes to form her and to.pour.out to her drink.offerings

*JPS 1917:* And is it we that offer to the queen of heaven, and pour out drink-offerings unto her? did we make her cakes in her image, and pour out drink-offerings unto her, without our husbands?'

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/4446.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4446/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).