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# מָעוּף

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H4588

**darkness** — used 1 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 1 verse word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

darkness [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4588/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

מָעוּף²: id. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4588/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.\[m.\] id.;—cstr. מְעוּף צוּקָה Is 8:22 (‖ הֲשֵׁכָה); CheHpt. reads מוּעַף.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (4 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (2 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: gloom (1).

## In the verses

[Isaiah 8:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.22/#tree)

וְאֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ יַבִּ֑יט וְהִנֵּ֨ה צָרָ֤ה וַחֲשֵׁכָה֙ מְע֣וּף צוּקָ֔ה וַאֲפֵלָ֖ה מְנֻדָּֽח׃

*Word for word:* and to \[the\].earth it.will.look and there! trouble and darkness gloom of.distress and darkness \[it.is\].thrust.out

*JPS 1917:* or look unto the earth, behold distress and darkness, the gloom of anguish, and outspread thick darkness.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/4588.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1502/4588/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).