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# נָאַף

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H5003

**commit adultery** — used 31 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

commit adultery [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5003/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

נָאַף: vb. commit adultery [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5003/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. commit adultery (NH id.; Aramaic נְאַף (rare));— Impf. 3 ms. יִנְאַף Lv 20:10(×2); 3 mpl. וַיִּנְאָ֑פוּ Je 5:7 + 3 times Impf., Inf. abs. נָאוֹף 23:14; נָאֹף Ho 4:2 Je 7:9; Pt. נֹאֵף Pr 6:32 Jb 24:15; fs. נֹאָ֑פֶת Lv 20:10; fpl. נֹאֲפוֹת Ez 16:38 + 2 times;— lit. commit adultery: usually of man, always with wife of another; c. acc. woman, Lv 20:10(×2) (H), Pr 6:32; elsewhere abs. Ex 20:14 = Dt 5:17 (Ten Words), Je 5:7; 7:9; 23:14 Ho 4:2; pt. m. Lv 20:10 (H), Jb 24:15. of women, only pt. Lv 20:10 (H), Ez 16:38; 23:45(×2). fig. of idolatrous worship, את האבן ואת העץ Je 3:9. Pf. 3 fs. נִאֲפָה Je 3:8; 3 mpl. נִאֵ֑פוּ Ez 23:37(×2); Impf. 3 mpl. יְנַאֲפוּ Je 29:23; 3 fpl. תְּנָאַפְנָה Ho 4:13, 14; Pt. מְנָאֵף Is 57:3; pl. מְנָאֲפִים Je 9:1 + 4 times; f. מְנָאָ֑פֶת Pr 30:20 + 2 times;— lit. commit adultery: of man, c. acc. woman, Je 29:23; pt. pl. Je 9:2; 23:10 Ho 7:4 Mal 3:5 ψ 50:18. of woman, abs. Ho 4:13, 14; pt. 3:1 Pr 30:20; pl. Ez 16:32; 23:37. fig. of idolatrous worship, אֶת־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶן Ez 23:37; abs. Je 3:8, זֶרַע מְנָאֵף Is 57:3.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 24 of its verses cited, 2 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 2 with the glosses (2 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: adulterers (3); they have committed adultery (3); \[are\] adulterers (2).

## In the verses

[Exodus 20:14](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.14/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.14/#tree)

לֹ֣֖אתִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף

*Word for word:* not you.must.commit.adultery

*JPS 1917:* Thou shalt not commit adultery.

[Deuteronomy 5:18](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.5.18/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.5.18/#tree)

וְלֹ֖֣אתִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף

*Word for word:* and not you.must.commit.adultery

*JPS 1917:* Neither shalt thou commit adultery.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/5003.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5003/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).