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# עָרַב

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H6148

**take on pledge** — used 17 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

take on pledge [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6148/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

עָרַב: vb. take on pledge, give in pledge, exchange [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6148/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. take on pledge, give in pledge, exchange (NH go surety for (rare); Ph. ערב surety; Old Aramaic ערבא pledge; 𝔗 עֲרַב, Syriac ܥܪܰܒ, go surety for; usually identified with I. ערב—mix, exchange, pledge—but quite uncertain; cf. BuhlLex LagBN 203);— Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Gn 44:32 + 4 times; 2 ms. עָרַבְתָּ Pr 6:1; Impf. 1 s. sf. אֶעֶרְבֶנּוּ Gn 43:9; Imv. עֲרֹב ψ 119:122, sf. עָרְבֵנִי Is 38:14, so Jb 17:3 (but v. infr.); Inf. cstr. לַעֲרֹב Ez 27:9; Pt. עֹרֵב Pr 17:18, etc.;— c. acc. pers. take on pledge, i.e. go surety for the safety of, Gn 43:9 (J), 44:32 (J; + מֵעִם pers.); for the debts of Pr 11:15; 20:16; 27:13; of God Is 38;14 go surety for me, ψ 119:122, so Jb 17:3 (si vera l., v. עֵרָבוֹן); acc. pers. om., ע׳ לֵ Pr 6:1 go surety to one (in behalf of another, ‖ תָּקַּע לַזָּר כַּפֶּ֑יךָ); c. acc. rei Pr 22:26 (‖ תֹּקְעֵי־כָ֑ף. give in pledge, c. acc. rei Ne 5:3 (i.e. mortgage), fig. ע׳ אֶת־לִבּוֹ Je 30:21 so ע׳ עֲרֻבָּה לִפְנֵי רֵעֵהוּ Pr 17:18 (‖ תֹּקֵעַ כָּ֑ף). exchange (in trade), c. acc. cogn. מַעֲרָבֵךְ Ez 27:9, 27. recipr.: Imv. הִתְעָ֫רֶב נָא אֶת־אֲדֹנִי 2 K 18:23 exchange pledges (make a bargain) with my lord = Is 36:8. have fellowship with, בְּ pers., Pf. 3 pl. הִתְעָֽרְבוּ Ezr 9:2; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְעָֽרְבוּ ψ 106:35; 2 ms. תִּתְעָרָ֑ב c. לְ pers. Pr 20:19, c. עִם pers. 24:21. share in, בְּ rei, 3 ms. יִתְעָרַב Pr 14:10 in his joy no other shares.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 17 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (17 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (14 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: he stands surety for (2); he stood surety for (2); make a wager (2).

## In the verses

[Psalms 119:122](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.119.122/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.119.122/#tree)

עֲרֹ֣ב עַבְדְּךָ֣ לְט֑וֹב אַֽל־יַעַשְׁקֻ֥נִי זֵדִֽים׃

*Word for word:* stand.surety.for servant your for good not may they.oppress.me arrogant.\[people\]

*JPS 1917:* Be surety for Thy servant for good; let not the proud oppress me.

[Proverbs 11:15](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.11.15/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.11.15/#tree)

רַע־יֵ֭רוֹעַ כִּי־עָ֣רַב זָ֑ר וְשֹׂנֵ֖א תֹקְעִ֣ים בּוֹטֵֽחַ׃

*Word for word:* harm he.is.harmed (dm) he.stood.surety.for a.stranger and \[one.who\].hates those.striking.hands \[is\].secure

*JPS 1917:* He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it; but he that hateth them that strike hands is secure.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/6148.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6148/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).