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# עֲרָפֶל

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H6205

**cloud** — used 15 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

cloud [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6205/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

עֲרָפֶל: n.m. cloud, heavy cloud [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6205/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. cloud, heavy cloud (perhaps from above √ + ל afform; NH = BH; Syriac ܥܰܪܦܶܠܴܐ; 𝔗 עֲרָפֵילָא; Mand. ארפילא NöM 126, 128; on vocaliz. v. BaNB 160 and against him SchwallyZAW x (1890), 178 who proposes עַרְפֶּל);—ע׳ in which God dwells Ex 20:18 (Gi; van d. H. v 21), 1 K 8:12 = 2 Ch 6:1; + עָנָן Dt 4:11 (also חֹשֶׁךְ), 5:19 (22) ψ 97:2; Jb 22:13 v בַּעַד; ע׳ תַּחַת רַגְלָיו 2 S 22:10 = ψ 18:10; as swaddling-bands of sea Jb 38:9; fig. of misery Is 60:2 (‖ חֹשֶׁךְ); of י׳’s judgment Je 13:16 (‖ צַלְמָוֶת), as a past day יוֹם עָנָן וַע׳ Ez 34:12 = (of future day of י׳) Zp 1:15 (‖ יוֹם חשֶׁךְ וַאֲפֵלָה) = Jo 2:2 (‖ id.).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 13 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: thick darkness (11); darkness (4).

## In the verses

[Job 22:13](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.22.13/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.22.13/#tree)

וְֽ֭אָמַרְתָּ מַה־יָּ֣דַֽע אֵ֑ל הַבְעַ֖ד עֲרָפֶ֣ל יִשְׁפּֽוֹט׃

*Word for word:* and you.say what? does.he.know God ? through thick.darkness will.he.judge

*JPS 1917:* And thou sayest: 'What doth God know? Can He judge through the dark cloud?

[2 Samuel 22:10](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.22.10/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.22.10/#tree)

וַיֵּ֥ט שָׁמַ֖יִם וַיֵּרַ֑ד וַעֲרָפֶ֖ל תַּ֥חַת רַגְלָֽיו׃

*Word for word:* and he.bent.down \[the\].heavens and he.came.down and thick.darkness \[was\].under feet his

*JPS 1917:* He bowed the heavens also, and came down; and thick darkness was under His feet.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/6205.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1506/6205/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).