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# צָרַר

Biblical Hebrew

**shew hostility toward** — used 25 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

shew hostility toward [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b8_5e8_5b7_5e8/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

צָרַר³: vb. shew hostility toward, vex [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b8_5e8_5b7_5e8/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. shew hostility toward, vex (NH צַר foe; Arabic ضَرَّ harm, damage, Sab. צֿר war, foe MordtmHim. Inschr. 60. 71 SabDenkm 24 CIS iv. 174, 1. 6 HomChrest. 125; Ethiopic ፀረረ be hostile, in der. spec. and deriv.; Assyrian ṣarâru, be hostile, ṣarru, foe; Arabic ضَرَّةٌ, Assyrian ṣirritu, Syriac ܥܰܪܬܳܐ, all = rival-wife, so (? Heb. infl.) 𝔗 צָרָא 1 S 1:6; v. especially Lag Deceased Wife’s Sister, GGN, 1882, No. 13; = Mi. 125 ff. Dr 1 S 1:6);— Pf. 3 pl. וְצָֽרֲרוּ Nu 33:55 consec., sf. צְרָרוּנִי ψ 129:1, 2; Impf. 3 ms. יָצֹר Is 11:13; Inf. abs. צָרוֹר Nu 25:17; Pt. act. צֹרֵר 10:9, pl. sf. צֹרֲרַי ψ 31:12 +, etc.;—shew hostility toward, treat with enmity, vex, harass, c. acc. pers. Is 11:13; Nu 10:9; 25:17; once c. ל pers. v 18; also pt. as subst. (cstr. or c. sf.) vexer, harasser, Am 5:12; Is 11:13; Ex 23:22 (E), ψ 6:8; 7:5, 7; 8:3; 10:5; 23:5; 31:12; 42:11; 69:20; 74:4, 23; 143:12; Est 3:10; 8:1; 9:10, 24.—Lv 18:18 v. \[צָרַר\] sub ii. צָרָה, infr.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 25 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (8 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 3 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: foes (9); the harasser (4); of (2).

## In the verses

[Numbers 25:17](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.25.17/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.25.17/#tree)

צָר֖וֹר אֶת־הַמִּדְיָנִ֑ים וְהִכִּיתֶ֖ם אוֹתָֽם׃

*Word for word:* treat.as.foes (et) the Midianites and you.will.defeat them

*JPS 1917:* 'Harass the Midianites, and smite them;

[Psalms 6:8](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.6.8/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.6.8/#tree)

עָֽשְׁשָׁ֣ה מִכַּ֣עַס עֵינִ֑י עָֽ֝תְקָ֗ה בְּכָל־צוֹרְרָֽי׃

*Word for word:* it.has.wasted.away from grief eye my it.has.grown.weak with all foes my

*JPS 1917:* Mine eye is dimmed because of vexation; it waxeth old because of all mine adversaries.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/lemma_3a_5e6_5b8_5e8_5b7_5e8.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1510/lemma_3a_5e6_5b8_5e8_5b7_5e8/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).