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# רְפָאִים

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H7496

**shades** — used 8 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

shades [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1512/7496/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

רְפָאִים²: n.m. pl. shades, ghosts [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1512/7496/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Jb 26:5 pl. shades, ghosts (by most connected with above √, as sunken, powerless, ones, StaG. i. 420; Ph. רפאם);—Wisd. lit. and late, name of dead in Sheʾôl, c. art. הָר׳ Jb 26:5, elsewhere nearly = n.pr.: ר׳ Is 14:9 (in Sheʾôl), 26:14 (‖ מֵתִים), ψ 88:11 (‖ id.), Pr 2:18 (‖ מָוֶת), 9:18 (in עִמְקֵי שְׁאוֹל), קְחַל רְפָאִים 21:16; of righteous Isr. Is 26:19 earth shall cast forth ר׳ (‖ מֵתֶיךָ).

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 8 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (2 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: \[the\] shades (4); shades (3); of \[the\] shades (1).

## In the verses

[Job 26:5](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.26.5/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.26.5/#tree)

הָרְפָאִ֥ים יְחוֹלָ֑לוּ מִתַּ֥חַת מַ֝֗יִם וְשֹׁכְנֵיהֶֽם׃

*Word for word:* the shades they.are.made.to.tremble (from) under \[the\].waters and \[those which\].dwell.in.them

*JPS 1917:* The shades tremble beneath the waters and the inhabitants thereof.

[Proverbs 21:16](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.16/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.16/#tree)

אָדָ֗ם תּ֭וֹעֶה מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ הַשְׂכֵּ֑ל בִּקְהַ֖ל רְפָאִ֣ים יָנֽוּחַ׃

*Word for word:* anyone \[who\].wanders from.\[the\] way of.insight in.\[the\] assembly of.\[the\].shades he.will.rest

*JPS 1917:* The man that strayeth out of the way of understanding shall rest in the congregation of the shades.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/7496.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1512/7496/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).