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# שָׁבָה

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H7617

**take captive** — used 47 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

take captive [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7617/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שָׁבָה: vb. take captive [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7617/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. take captive (NH, Old Aramaic id.; Arabic سَبَا (سبى); Aramaic שְׁבָא ܫܒܳܐ );— Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Je 41:14; sf. וְשָׁבָם (consec.) 43:12 (but read וְשָׁבָה Gie; Du conj. וְשָֽׁמְמוּ); 2 ms. שָׁבִיתָ 2 K 6:22 ψ 68:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּשְׁבְּ Nu 21:1 Je 41:10, etc.; Imv. ms. וּשְׁבֵה Ju 5:12; Inf. cstr. שְׁבוֹת Ob 11; Pt. act. pl. שֹׁבִים Is 14:2, etc.; pass. mpl. שְׁבוּיִם Is 61:1, fpl. cstr. שְׁבֻיוֹת Gn 31:26;—take captive: c. acc. pers., Nu 24:22 (JE), 1 S 30:2; 2 K 5:2; 6:22 (+ ב instr.) Je 41:10(×2) (but v 10b Gie reads וַיַּשְׁכֵּם, cf. 𝔊 Luc), v 14, Gn 34:29 (P), 2 Ch 28:8 (+ מִן part.), + 6 times; + Je 43:12 appar. c. acc. idols (but v. supra; acc. of land Gie). acc. חֵילוֹ Ob 11, הָֽרְכוּשׁ 2 Ch 21:17, cattle, etc., 1 Ch 5:21; 2 Ch 14:14. pt. in periphrast. conjug. (לְשֹׁבֵיהֶם) וְהָיוּ שֹׁבִים Is 14:2; pt. c. sf. = their captives, etc., 1 K 8:46 = 2 Ch 6:36; Is 14:2; Je 50:33, + 5 times; pt. pass. Is 61:1 = captives; כִּשְׁבֻיוֹת חָ֑רֶב Gn 31:26 my daughters as captives of the sword. c. acc. cogn. שְׁבִי Ju 5:12 lead captive thy captives, cf. ψ 68:19 2 Ch 28:17, so (+ מִן pers.) Nu 21:1 (JE), and (acc. שִׁבְיָה) 2 Ch 28:5, 11; שׁ׳ שִׁבְיוֹ Dt 21:10 = take him captive. be taken captive: Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁבָּה, of man Gn 14:14, of beast Ex 22:9 (E), of עֵדֶר י׳ Je 13:17; 3 pl. נִשְׁבּוּ, human subj. 1 S 30:3, 5; 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37; Ez 6:9.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 34 of its verses cited, 2 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (9 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 2 with the glosses (7 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: they took captive (10); captors (8); they had taken captive (3).

## In the verses

[Numbers 24:22](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.24.22/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.24.22/#tree)

כִּ֥י אִם־יִהְיֶ֖ה לְבָ֣עֵֽר קָ֑יִן עַד־מָ֖ה אַשּׁ֥וּר תִּשְׁבֶּֽךָּ׃

*Word for word:* (dm) (if) it.will.become (into) consuming \[the\].Kenite\[s\] until when? Asshur will it.take.you.captive

*JPS 1917:* Nevertheless Kain shall be wasted; How long? Asshur shall carry thee away captive.

[2 Chronicles 28:17](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.17/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.17/#tree)

וְע֥וֹד אֲדוֹמִ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַיַּכּ֥וּ בִיהוּדָ֖ה וַיִּשְׁבּוּ־שֶֽׁבִי׃

*Word for word:* and again \[the\].Edomites they.had.come and they.had.defeated (in) Judah and they.had.taken.captive captive\[s\]

*JPS 1917:* For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/7617.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7617/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).