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# שָׁגַע

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H7696

**be mad** — used 7 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

be mad [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7696/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שָׁגַע: Pu. be mad Pu. Hithp. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7696/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** Pu. be mad (Arabic سَجَعَ coo, of male pigeon, utter long whinny, of camel (cf. HoffmZAW iii (1883), 89 RSJPhil. xiv. 119 f. GoldziherArabic Philol. i. 59 ff. LagBN 202); Ethiopic ዘንግዐ: be mad (n ins., Di1055 BAES 50); Assyrian šegû, rage, howl; on meaning in Heb. v. especially WeSkizzen iii. 130);—Pu. Pt. as adj.: pred. וְהָיִיתָ מְשֻׁגָּע Dt 28:34 thou shalt be maddened (מִן because of), fig. for driven to despair; מ׳ of proph., contemptuously Ho 9:7, כָּל־אִישׁ מ׳ וּמִתְנַבֵּא Je 29:26, as subst. 2 K 9:11; pl. מְשֻׁגָּעִים 1 S 21:16 madmen. Hithp. shew madness; Pt. אִישׁ מִשְׁתַּגֵּעַ 1 S 21:15; Inf. cstr. לְהִשְׁתַּגֵּעַ v 16.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech not compared, 6 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: \[is\] mad (1); \[man\] (1); \[who is\] mad (1).

## In the verses

[Deuteronomy 28:34](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.34/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.34/#tree)

וְהָיִ֖יתָ מְשֻׁגָּ֑ע מִמַּרְאֵ֥ה עֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְאֶֽה׃

*Word for word:* and you.will.be driven.mad from the.sight\[s\] your.eyes your which you.will.see

*JPS 1917:* so that thou shalt be mad for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see.

[1 Samuel 21:15](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.15/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.21.15/#tree)

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אָכִ֖ישׁ אֶל־עֲבָדָ֑יו הִנֵּ֤ה תִרְאוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מִשְׁתַּגֵּ֔עַ לָ֛מָּה תָּבִ֥יאוּ אֹת֖וֹ אֵלָֽי׃

*Word for word:* and he.said Achish to servants his there! you.see a.man behaving.like.a.madman why? do.you.bring him to me

*JPS 1917:* Then said Achish unto his servants: 'Lo, when ye see a man that is mad, wherefore do ye bring him to me?

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/7696.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/7696/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).