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# שָׁמַד

Biblical Hebrew · Strong's H8045

**be exterminated** — used 90 times in the Hebrew Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

## Meaning

### OpenScriptures lexical index

be exterminated [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8045/#m1)

### Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שָׁמַד: vb. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8045/#m2)

**The whole BDB entry:** vb. be exterminated, destroyed (NH der. spec.; Aramaic שְׁמַד Pa. cause to apostatize (Jastr); Syriac ܫܰܡܶܕ seems disputed (in Lexx.); NöEut. Nab. 32 curse; BAES 10 cites Assyrian ašmud, I destroyed; Gerber112 thinks vb. denom.);—Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְנִשְׁמַד Ez 32:12 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁמֵד Is 48:19; Pr 14:11; 2 mpl. תִּשָּׁמֵד֑וּן Dt 4:26; Inf. abs. הִשָּׁמֵד v 26; cstr. sf. הִשָּׁמֶדְךָ Dt 28:20, etc.;— of pers. be annihilated, exterminated, Gn 34:30 (J), Ju 21:16; 2 S 21:5 (+ מֵהִתְיַצֵּב בְּ;—but read לְהַשְׁמִידֵנוּ 𝔊 Ew We Dr al.), ψ 37:38 (‖ נִכְרַת), 83:11; of people Dt 4:26 (הִשָּׁמֵד תִּשּׁ׳), 7:23; 12:30 (+ מִפָּנֶיךָ), 28:20 (‖ אָבַד), v 24, 45, 51, 61; Je 48:42 (+ מֵעִם), Ez 32:12 ψ 92:8 (+ עֲדֵי־עַד), cf. also וְלֹא יִשָּׁמֵד שְׁמוֹ מִלְּפָנָ֑י Is 48:19 (+ יִכָּרֵת; זַרְעֶ֑ךָ, etc., in ‖ clause). be destroyed, of bamoth, Ho 10:8, cf. (בֵּית רְשָׁעִים) Pr 14:11; be devastated, of land, Je 48:8 (‖ אבד). Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁמִיד Dt 2:22 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁמִיד Is 13:9 +, וַיַּשְׁמֵד 1 K 16:12; 2 K 10:28 etc.; Imv. ms. הַשְׁמֵד Dt 33:27; Inf. abs. הַשְׁמֵד Is 14:23, יד—ֵ Am 9:8; cstr. לְהַשְׁמִיד Jos 9:24 +, also †עַד הִשְׁמִידְךָ Dt 7:24, -וֹ 28:48, ם—ָ Jos 11:14 (bur read in all הַשׁ׳, as Jos 23:15, v. Dr Dt 7:24), לַשְׁמִד †Is 23:11, etc.;— annihilate, exterminate: acc. pers. vel gent., subj. י׳ vel pers. hum., Dt 1:27; 2:22 (+ מִפְּנֵי pers.), 6:15 (+ מֵעַל־פִּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה), 9:20 + 16 times Dt, Jos 7:12 (acc. הַחֵרֶם; + מִקִּרְבְּכֶם), 9:24 + 4 times Jos (all RD), 2 K 14:16; 1 K 13:34; Am 9:8; Is 13:9; 26:14; Est 3:6, 13 + 23 times; acc. פִּרְיוֹ וְשָׁרָשָׁיו (fig.) Am 2:9, cf. Ez 34:16 (but Vrss Co Toy al. \[not Hi Krae\] אֶשְׁמֹר); הִשׁ׳ אֶת־שְׁמִי 1 S 24:22 (Gi v 21), 2 S 22:38; 1 K 16:12 ψ 145:20; הַשְׁמֵד as subst., Is 14:23 besom of extermination; acc. אֶת־הַבַּעַל 2 K 10:28, of extirpating Baal-worship מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל. destroy, cities Mi 5:13, fortresses Is 23:11, bamoth Lv 26:30 (H), Nu 33:52 (P; ‖ אִבֵּד), חֹזֶק מַמְלְכוֹת הַגּוֹיִם Hg 2:22.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 50 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates)

## Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: destroy (14); he (9); you (9).

## In the verses

[Psalms 37:38](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.37.38/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.37.38/#tree)

וּֽ֭פֹשְׁעִים נִשְׁמְד֣וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו אַחֲרִ֖ית רְשָׁעִ֣ים נִכְרָֽתָה׃

*Word for word:* and transgressors they.will.be.destroyed altogether \[the\].future of.wicked.\[people\] it.will.be.cut.off

*JPS 1917:* But transgressors shall be destroyed together; the future of the wicked shall be cut off.

[Proverbs 14:11](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.11/) · [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.11/#tree)

בֵּ֣ית רְ֭שָׁעִים יִשָּׁמֵ֑ד וְאֹ֖הֶל יְשָׁרִ֣ים יַפְרִֽיחַ׃

*Word for word:* \[the\].house of.wicked.\[people\] it.will.be.destroyed and.\[the\] tent of.upright.\[people\] it.will.flourish

*JPS 1917:* The house of the wicked shall be overthrown; but the tent of the upright shall flourish.

## On Mova

- [This word in the Tanakh dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/8045.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of its meanings](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8045/): every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).