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# ed

noun (abbreviation: Ed., ed., eds.); also a name (Ed); verb ending -ed

«ed» in the English dictionary: everyday and in Jewish tradition — its meanings, how the lessons use it, and examples, each with its tree on Mova.

## Everyday

1. «Ed» is short for education: «PE» is physical education, «sex ed» means sex education, «special ed» special education (informal, US). [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#m1)
2. «Ed.» or «ed.» is short for editor or edition in books: «3rd ed.», «ed. by». [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#m2)
3. Ed is a boy's name, short for Edward, Edmund or Edwin (a name). [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#m3)
4. «-ed» is the ending added to regular verbs to make the past tense: play → played. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#m4)

### In the lessons

In school life «Ed» appears in phrases like «driver's ed» and «phys ed» (US, informal). In books and references, «ed.» tells you who edited a book or which edition it is. In grammar lessons, «-ed» marks the past: walked, jumped, wanted; it can sound like /t/ (jumped), /d/ (played) or /id/ (wanted). Phrases: «phys ed», «sex ed», «adult ed», «2nd ed.».

### Examples

- We have phys ed on Fridays. (US, informal) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x1)
- The book's second ed. has new pictures. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x2)
- Ed. by means the person who edited the book. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x3)
- My uncle Ed is a firefighter. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x4)
- Add «-ed» to make the past tense: jump → jumped. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x5)
- Older students take driver's ed before they drive. (US) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/#x6)

### Note

As an abbreviation it is informal or used in references; write «education», «editor», «edition» in full in essays. Capital E for the name. Trap: not all verbs take «-ed»: go → went, see → saw (irregular verbs).

## In Jewish tradition

Interpretation: In the Tanakh "Ed" is not a word on its own; it appears only inside the place name Migdal-eder ("tower of the flock"). Micah uses it for the hill of Zion, which the tradition reads as the place where God's kingdom will be restored. In the primary lessons: In school life «Ed» appears in phrases like «driver's ed» and «phys ed» (US, informal). In books and references, «ed.» tells you who edited a book or which edition it is. In grammar lessons, «-ed» marks the past: walked, jumped, wanted; it can sound like /t/ (jumped), /d/ (played) or /id/ (wanted). Phrases: «phys ed», «sex ed», «adult ed», «2nd ed.».

### Examples

- And Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond Migdal-eder. (Torah GEN.35.21, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/ed/#x1)
- ") See -Alphabet of Ben Sira", ed. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914)) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/ed/#x2)
- "When Abraham our father arose, he looked nnd saw and investigated and observed and engraved and hewed and combin- ed and formed and calculated, and his creation was successful. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914)) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/ed/#x3)
- And thou, Migdal-eder, the hill of the daughter of Zion, unto thee shall it come; yea, the former dominion shall come, the kingdom of the daughter of Jerusalem. (Prophets MIC.4.8, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/ed/#x4)

### Note

As an abbreviation it is informal or used in references; write «education», «editor», «edition» in full in essays. Capital E for the name. Trap: not all verbs take «-ed»: go → went, see → saw (irregular verbs).

## On Mova

- [Trees and pragmatics of «ed» in the school dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/ed/): every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
- [«ed» in the school dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ed.html) on Mova free.
- [Trees and pragmatics of «ed» in the Judaism dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/ed/): every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
- [«ed» in the Judaism dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/ed.html) on Mova free.