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# surplus

noun (surplus, surpluses); adjective (surplus)

«surplus» in the English dictionary: everyday — its meanings, how the lessons use it, and examples, each with its tree on Mova.

## Everyday

1. A surplus is an amount that is more than what is needed, an extra amount left over. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#m1)
2. Surplus means extra, not needed: «surplus food». [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#m2)
3. A budget surplus is when more money comes in than goes out. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#m3)

### In the lessons

the extra left after needs are met: surplus = what there is − what is needed; in geography and history: farms with a surplus of food can sell or trade it; in everyday life: give surplus food to a food bank; in money: a surplus is money left after paying for everything

### Examples

- The farm grew 500 kg of wheat and needed 350 kg, so there is a surplus. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x1)
- What is the surplus if 40 chairs are needed and there are 52? [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x2)
- The shop sold its surplus apples cheaply. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x3)
- The surplus was 30 litres. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x4)
- The school gave its surplus books to a library. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x5)
- A surplus of rain made the crops grow well. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x6)
- The club had a surplus of 20 dollars after the trip. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x7)
- Farmers traded their surplus grain for tools. [tree →](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/#x8)

### Note

Points to a difference: surplus = have − need (52 − 40 = 12). The opposite of shortage. Trap: if the need is bigger there is no surplus but a shortage. Pronounced «SUR-plus».

## On Mova

- [Trees and pragmatics of «surplus» in the school dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surplus/): every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
- [«surplus» in the school dictionary](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/surplus.html) on Mova free.